unit 4

Question 1

Pro-environmental behaviours (PEB)

Answer 1

Actions taken with the intention of benefitting or reducing the negative human impact on the natural environment

Question 2

private sphere behaviour

Answer 2

• behaviour does not influence the market

ex:ride bicicle instead of taking the car,recycling

• market place behaviour

ex: buy organic,less plastic product

Question 3

a lot of behaviour that is recomended to help the enviroment is private sphere behaviour

Question 4

public sphere behaviour - with other people

Answer 4

• environmetal activism
• voting for good policies
• pick up garbage in beaches in groups of volunteers

it can be impact direct can also indirect

Question 5

What factors influence
pro-environmental behaviours?

Answer 5

• values,beliefs,attitude and norms,.behavioural intention

Question 6

values

Answer 6

• Standards about how we
  and others should value
  various states of the world
  • Deeply held
    *Remain relatively stable
    throughout adult life

Question 7

assumption

Answer 7

• absence of pro-environmental values have led to contemporary environmental problems
• Values influence individual and collective decisions
• More pro-environmental values would lead to decisions that are better for the environment

Question 8

General values

Answer 8

• **Biospheric **values (e.g. protecting nature, unity with nature)

Altruistic values (e.g. caring for others, social justice)

**Conservative **(or traditional) values (e.g. family, security,
honoring elders)

Self-enhancement (e.g. wealth, material possessions)

Openness to change (e.g. having an exciting and varied
life filled with challenge and novelty)

Self-transcendence (e.g. spirituality, oneness with the
universe)

Question 9

values influence belifs

Question 10

belifs

Answer 10

• facts we percive as true

Question 11

belifs influence atitude/norms

Question 12

attitude

Answer 12

• Positive or negative evaluations of something specific

Question 13

norm

Answer 13

• '’Ought to” statements about the acceptability of specific actions or circumstances.

 Examples:
Everyone should recycle their waste
People should reduce their ecological footprints

 Norms would lead to behavioural intention and thus, behaviours

Question 14

Do individual attitudinal factors predict
pro-environmental behavior (PEB)?

Answer 14

yes

• Values influence environmental concern (e.g.biospheric, self-transcendence)
• Altruistic values are positively related to some pro- environmental behaviours

 People with strong self-enhancement values tend
to report less pro-environmental behaviours

Question 15

some correletion

Answer 15

• Some correlation between attitudes and behaviours (mean correlation: 0.42) - perfect correletion in 1
• Individual attitudinal factors partly influence behavioural intention
• “Intention explains 27% of the variance of self- reported pro-environmental behaviour” (big gap between intention and actually doing)

Question 16

but

Answer 16

• Important gap between pro-environmental attitudes
  and behaviours
• Research often focuses on low-impact behaviours (e.g.
  turning off lights, use of shopping bags)

 Values, attitudes and norms are better at explaining low
impact behaviours

** Association is weak**, especially for high-impact behaviours(ex:type of house you live,diet,flaying)

 High impact behaviours seem to be more influenced by
context and may be harder to change