Galapagos Islands

Question 1

galapagos island

Answer 1

helped reinforce the idea of natural selection (darwin)

Question 2

galapagoes island(equador/ecuador)

Answer 2

• curents of the sea does not look like a jungle
• a buch of little islands forms the galapagoes island

Question 3

Galapagos National Park (1959)

Answer 3

• 70% is protected:national park
• 3%is occupied by people (around 1300 people)
• galapagoes does not have indegenous people
• water there is very rich a lot of nutriants and biodiversity
• the land and ocean are being protected-no fishing allowed (with some exceptions)

Question 4

what is it famous for ?

Answer 4

their famous for :

• high endeminism: species that are only from there - you can only find it there-even among the islands (there are some species only found in one island)

Question 5

ex

Answer 5

a lot of species :

• Flightless
  cormorant it swims in stead
• iguana it swims - the only one in the world that does
• Galapagos Penguin in south america?
• Giant tortoises longer neck to find food easier in the island -

Question 6

what are some key threats facing
the Galapagos Archipelago?

Answer 6

1. Invasive species:

• quick to reproduce
• no native predators
• ex: goat in the island: as they would eat all the vegetation that species indegenous would need to survive

2. Illegal fishing
3. population growth
4. torism growth

Question 7

to fix this problem:

Answer 7

Conservation strategy: Project Isabela

Question 8

Conservation strategy: Project Isabela

Answer 8

• they killed the goats
• but some scape (that cannot happen!!!- because if two survive you will have the problem all over again
• so they created the ‘‘Judas goats’’ which they collared with cheapst
• as gots are highly social
• the goats would find each other
• and would be killed
• the effort was sucesful in ending the invesion

Question 9

other invasive species in galapagos

Answer 9

• black berry
• rats
• flies

Question 10

Illegal fishing

Answer 10

• fishers stop right before the ocean area that is protected so any fish that goes beyond legally can be fished (tragedy of the commons)

Question 11

population growth

Answer 11

• increased a lot 0 (before) vs 1300(now)

Question 12

Tourism growth

Answer 12

have increased a lot

Question 13

How will climate change impact the
Galapagos Islands?

Answer 13

• El Niño - the waters warmed and so
• Some [populations] […]
  experienced mortality rates
  of up to 90% -lack of food

Question 14

plans to protect the area

Answer 14

• but it will be expanded
  to include an additional
  60,000sq km,
• Removal of invasive species
• protected the turtles eggs protecting the turtles species
• reintroduced a similar terestrial iguana (the water one died out) and it helped the enviroment

Question 15

Galapagos special law

Answer 15

• Rights of free residence, property, and commerce
  can be restricted for conservation purposes
   Immigration restrictions
   Development within local environmental capacity
   Special institution (INGALA) to regulate infrastructure
  development and other local policies

Question 16

Key governance challenges

Answer 16

• Weak national state presence
   Municipal and state institutions prioritize local benefits (enabling exponential
  growth of tourism and immigration)
   Issues with population and tourism
   More demand for public services and jobs
   “The growth of tourism and the population stimulate the arrival of more
  flights and more cargo ships, decreasing the isolation of the archipelago
  and thereby increasing the arrival of invasive species – the greatest
  threat to the native biodiversity”.
  Watkins and Cruz, 2007