Unit 3.3 - Kinetic theory Flashcards
In which century were a great number of scientific discoveries being published which relate to this unit?
17th century
How were natural laws named in the 17th century?
After the scientist who first published them
Who built the equipment for the experiments of that proves the laws mentioned in this unit?
Robert Hooke
Who lends his name to one of the laws in this unit?
Robert Hooke’s mento, Robert Boyle
Who designed and published the experiments that prove the laws mentioned in this unit
Robert Boyle
What did Robert Hooke do?
Drew the first diagram observed through a microscope of a cell
Hooke’s law for a spring
What does Boyle’s law do?
Describes the behaviour of a gas (e.g - air) under special conditions
Boyle’s law (worded)
At a constant temperature, the product of the volume and pressure of a gas is constant
What is inversely proportional to what according to Boyle’ law?
Volume and pressure
Boyle’s law in symbol form
pV=k
What does it mean that volume and pressure are inversely proportional according to Boyle’s law?
When one increases, the other decreases
Unit of pressure
Pa
Volume unit
m^3
What is k in pV=k?
A constant
Equation for a change in volume of pressure and gas, following Boyle’s law?
p1v1 = p2v2
(Temperature is constant)
Equation to use for gases when the temperature is constant
p1v1 = p2v2
Is Boyle’s law a conservation law? Why?
No. It is a special case occurring at a constant temperature
What does thermodynamics deal with?
The processes that cause a change in energy due to he flow of heat into/out of a system and/or work done on/by a system
What is it possible to do for many thermodynamic systems?
Describe the state by noting 2 variables only
What are the 2 variables we use for gas to describe the state?
Pressures and volume
What is the basis of Boyle’s law?
For many thermodynamic systems,it is possible to describe the state by noting two variables only (for a gas, we use pressure and volume) - this is the basis of Boyle’s law
Gay lussac’s law
At constant volume
T1/p1 = T2/p2
Charles law
At constant pressure
T1/V1 = T2/V2
Equation to use with a constant volume
T1/P1 = T2/P2