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Social Psych II > Unit 3.1: Group structures/processes > Flashcards

Unit 3.1: Group structures/processes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the basic principle of what makes a group

A

Sharing something

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2
Q

What are the 2 notions of what makes a group

A

dynamic wholes (lewinian)
social categories (tajfelian)

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3
Q

what is the lewinian traditions view of what makes a group

A

Dynamic wholes: RELATION makes aggregates form a group

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4
Q

what is the tajfelian traditions view of what makes a group

A

Social Categories: IDENTIFICATION makes aggregates a group

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5
Q

what is entitativity?

A

the extent to which a group is PERCEIVED BY OTHERS to be a real entity with unity & coherence

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6
Q

what increases entitativity?

A

Proximity
similarity
common display
perception of coordinated action

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7
Q

What is a primary vs a secondary group?

A

Primary: communal bond
Secondary: associative bond

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8
Q

What is a reference group?

A

A group that embodies the aspirations of an individual. They act as a standard for comparison for thta individual

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9
Q

What is group cohesiveness

A

Appearing as a group w deep unity in thinking & action.
Deep feelings of belongingness

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10
Q

What is unity dependent on?

A

Interdependence: How to group contributes to individual goal attainment
Attraction: exerted by the group on its members

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11
Q

What is interdependence? How does it affect a group?

A

The extent to which a group satisfies individual needs

It increases unity with further increases cohesiveness

(Cooperative interaction = high interdependence)

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12
Q

What is the interpersonal attraction of a group?

A

The degree to which group members like other members

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13
Q

What is the social attraction of a group?

A

Degree to which a certain member appreciates their membership into the group

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14
Q

What are the 5 stages of group commitment?

A

Investigation
Socialization
Maintenance
Resocialization
Rememberance

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15
Q

How does group commitment fluctuate in the 5 stages?

A

It gradually increases in first 2 stages (investigation, socialisation)
It peaks at maintenance
It gradually decreases in the final 2 stages (resocialisation, rememebrance)

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16
Q

Who proposes the evolution of group commitment model?

A

Levine & Moreland, 1994)

17
Q

What is the definition of a role

A

Relative expectancy
Behavioral patterns expected based on position within group

18
Q

How is the position of a group member (role) determined in a group?

A

Based on a certain pattern of relationships to other members

19
Q

What is a sociogram

A

A visual representation of a sociometric test (tool evaluating the position of group members)

20
Q

What is a sociometric test?

A

a tool to evaluate relative positions of group members

21
Q

How does a group signal role transitions? What must happen after this?

A

Usually in a formal way.
The group member is expected to portray different behviours

22
Q

What is the EVOLUTION OF ROLES according to level of group membership Levine & Moreland?

A

Prospective members: Recruitment reconnaissance
New Member: Accommodation assimilation
Full member: Role negotiation
Marginal member: accommodation assimiliation
Ex member: tradition reminiscence

23
Q

what are the 3 factors of role assessment?

A

Social stratification
Marginal members
Highest status

24
Q

What is social stratification

A

the value the group assigns to each roles’ performance
signalled by a link between the role system & status system

25
Q

What are marginal members and how are they role assessed?

A

They are members with a low status in the group
The groups attitude towards them is related to the interest in keeping them

26
Q

How does ‘highest status’ impact role assessment?

A

If leadership is the highest regarded role within the group then it can be understood that this member would be the most influential in the group

27
Q

What is a transactional approach to leadership?

A

There is a CONTRACTUAL/exchange relation between leader & members for MUTUAL BENEFITS

28
Q

What is the right to innovate in Hollander’s idiosyncrasy credit theory?

A

Groups grant their leaders the right to stray from group norms to achieve goals if loyalty & respect has been established

29
Q

what is the transformational approach to leadership? & 3 characteristics

A

Leaders are driven by charisma. They aim to reach goals but whilst trying to change the group’s vision and goals

There are 3 characteristics:
- individualized consideration
- ntellectual stimulation
- inspirational influence

30
Q

What is individualized consideration?

A

A characteristic of a transformational leader
Paying attention to follower’s needs and aspirations

31
Q

what is intellectual stimulation

A

A characteristic of a transformational leader

intellectually stimulating followers by QUESTIONING OLD ASSUMPTIONS

Social Psych II (12 decks)

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