Unit 1.1: HC What is said/meant Flashcards
According to speech act theory, what are the 3 layers of meaning?
Locution - what the SENTENCE means (words; what is said)
Illocution - what the SPEAKER means (intention)
Perlocution - how the LISTENER interprets
Briefly outline the speech act theory.
There is a speaker who, with intention, says a sentence which is then interpreted by the listener. All of this occurs within a context
What are the 5 types of speech acts? DECAD
Directive
Expressive
Commissive
Assertive
Declarative
What is the acronym for the 5 types of speech acts>
DECAD
What is Assertive speech act?
Describing a situation
e.g. I have moved house
What is Expressive speech act?
conveying a feeling/attitude
e.g. thank you
What is a directive speech act?
Attempting to influence the listeners behaviour directly
e.g. invitation to a party
what is a commissive speech act?
Aiming to affect the SPEAKERS subsequent behaviours
e.g. I promise to call
What is the least used speech act?
Directive
what is a declarative speech act?
Changing of a situation
e.g. you have been nominated
What are the 2 approaches to understanding communicatio?
Semantic approach (what words means linguistic/literal)
Pragmatic approach (what people mean)
Outline the semantic approach
What words means
- Focus of the structure of language
- The relationship is between sign and referent (the sign and the direct meaning - literal & direct)
- Words describe facts
- Communication is a process of encoding-decoding
- Ambiguity is due to errors (should not occur under optimal communication)
Outline the pragmatic approach
What people mean
- Focus on the USE of language
- Relationship sign-context
- Words have effects
- Communication is process of intention-inference
- Ambiguity is inherent
Which of the two approaches regards communication as an encoding-decoding process?
Semantic
