Unit 3 - Section A: Globalisation Flashcards
What is globalisation?
Refers to a process in which groups of people become increasingly connected on a global scale due to developments in communication transportation. Society is becoming multicultural, due to being interconnected as a result of accessible technological advancements. Big corporate global brands pass their products across the globe, and countries can transfer knowledge, improving business. E.g. Popular culture, Travel, Communication.
What is a global village?
Digital communication has drastically increased interactions which do not occur on a face to face basis. This notion is referred to as a ‘global village’ where people create and maintain relationships with those online. The internet has allowed people to easily contact others with share similar interests, through search engines and social media websites. Study = McLuhan.
What is a digital revolution?
Over the last few decades, there has been a shift from analogue, mechanical, and electronic technology to digital technology. These forms of communication could be referred to as two types of ‘new media’: 1) Online newspapers and range of radio/TV. 2) Growth of computers and smart phones. Study = ourworldindata.prg.
What is networked global city?
Refers to the notion that the internet has enhanced communications between individuals in post-industrial society and the world of work. It can be argued that those who do have access to the online world have a greater social capital and can face greater rewards with regards to employability and have higher status. E.g. LinkedIn - helps individuals to enhance employment based communications (20 million + users).
What is media convergence?
Refers to a range of aspects - Boyle states previously, separate forms of media can now be accessed through one device. A range of media such as text, video, images can all be stored and accessed on one device. Social media profiles interlinked, e.g. Facebook friends in Instagram. Have been adopted to promote Western, capitalist ideas such as pursuit of profit, private ownership, material objects presented as important - companies can now advertise on a range of media platforms.
What is social media?
Refers to any form of digitally based platform which has a global reach. The best example is Facebook - initially created by students to connect and communicate at Harvard University - within six years, the site had a billion + users.
What are virtual communities?
Refers to a social network of individuals who create an online community which may or may not reflect their lives offline. Virtual communities can be formed through message boards, chat rooms, virtual worlds and groups/pages on social networks. Study = Carter and Boellstorff.
What are digital social networks?
Social networks have always existed in a face-to-face form, however the growth of digital technology has lead to online, digital social networks linked to: Friendship groups - Snapchat/Facebook. Work networks - Linkedin. Family networks - Facebook/Ancestory. Hobbies/Interests/Religion - Discord/Pinterest/Facebook groups.
National Geographic
Popular culture: more globalised, US citizens listen to music from South Africa, read Japanese comic books (Manga), India film industry ‘Bollywood’. Clothing styles became from uniform - national/regional costumes are rarer. Exchange of food - England eat Indian curry’s, McDonalds - 31,000 restaurants in 100 countries - symbol of globalisation.
Travel: increased international travel, millions move from one country to another in search of work. Migrant workers either travel short distance or thousands of miles. Millions also travel for vacations to foreign countries. Globalisation encourages countries around world to provide typical Western services - travel and tourism made people more familiar with other cultures.
Communication: news and information across world, read information about foreign countries - aware of incidents easily - 70% use phone calls, access to same news 24 hours a day.
What is the problem of defining globalisation?
Is an ongoing process that involves interconnected changes in the economic, cultural, social and political spheres of society. Ever increasing integration of aspects: Economics - globalisation refers to the expansion of capitalism to include places around world into one globally integrated economic system - Spybey.
Culture - global spread and integration of ideas, values, norms, behaviours and ways of life - Giddens.
Politics - development of forms of governance that operate at the global scale, policies and rules cooperative nations are expected - fueled by technological development, global integration of communication, global distribution of media. - Fukuyama.
