Unit 3 Respiratory System Flashcards
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Represents a group of diseases, including a form of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema.
Influenza
Two Subtypes
Influenza A: most frequent cause of serious illness and death in order adults.
Influenza B: less severe for older adults.
Causes fever, myalgia, sore throat and non productive cough. Once it attacks, destroys ciliated epithelial cells of the respiratory track.
Lung Cancer
Most lung cancer occurs in older adults > 65 years.
Symptoms are dyspnea, coughing, chest pain, fatigue, anorexia, wheezing and recurrent URTI.
Chest imaging and sputum cultures for diagnosis.
Scoliosis
Side to side curvature
Impairs the lungs of expanding properly
Kyphosis
Increased front to back curvature
Lordosis
Inward curving of lower spine
Atelectasis
Partial or complete collapse of the lung
DB plus C ex
Deep breathing and coughing ex cerise’s
Aspiration Pneumonia
Breathing an object into the lungs.
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
Symptoms occur more than 48 hours after admission. Usually caused by a bacterial infection, rather than a virus.
Tuberculosis
Infectious disease characterized by lesions within the lung disease. Lesions degenerate and become necrotic or heal by fibrosis and calcification.
Orthopnea
Difficultly breathing when lying down (supine)
Emphysema
Walls between the air sacs become damaged, causing them to become floppy and lose their shape.
Bronchitis
THe lining of the airways is constantly irritated and inflamed causing the lining to thicken and form music in the airways making it difficult to breathe.
Pulmonary Edema
Condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs. The fluid collect in the numerous air sacs in the lung, making it difficult to breathe.
Clauses Acute MI, Cardiomyopathy, Heart Valve Problems, Pneumonia
Consolidation
The filling of alveoli and the respiratory bronchioles with dense material, such as fluid, puss, blood or cellular content where air would normally be. Increased risk of infection.
Chest Radiograph
Chest x-ray
Most common performed diagnostic examination. A chest X-ray produces inmates of the heart, lungs, airways, blood vessels and the bones of the chest and spine.
Sputum Studies
Lab test to identify bacteria or fungi infecting the respiratory tract. Morning sputum is preferred.
Pandemic
An epidemic ( sudden outbreak) that becomes widespread and affects a whole region, a continent or the world due to susceptible population.
When assessing a clients status follow:
A - Airway
B- Breathing
C- Circulation
