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AP human geography > Unit 3 questions > Flashcards

Unit 3 questions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an ethnic religion?

A

A religion that does not actively seek converts, so it does not diffuse much outside of the hearth.

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2
Q

What are the major universalizing religions?

A

christianity, buddhism, islam

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3
Q

What are the major ethnic religions?

A

hinduism, judaism

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4
Q

What is a religion branch?

A

A break-off of a religion (Islam-Shiite)

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5
Q

What is a denomination?

A

A break-off of a branch (Christianity-Protestant-Baptist)

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6
Q

What is a sect?

A

A break-off of a denomination (Christianity-protestant-baptist-southern baptist)

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7
Q

Explain the three branches of Christianity

A

Catholic(51%), Protestant(24%), Orthodox(11%)

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8
Q

Explain the two branches of Islam

A

Shiite (83%), Sunni (24%)

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9
Q

Explain the three branches of buddhism

A

Mahayana, Theravada, Vajrayana

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10
Q

What is the world’s largest ethnic religion?

A

hinduism

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11
Q

What is a syncretic religion?

A

A combination of religions

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12
Q

What is Animism?

A

The belief that parts of nature/natural events have a living conscious/soul.

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13
Q

What are “the people of the book”?

A

Jews, Muslims, Christians (believe in the same God, believe in Abraham, Christians and Jews both have the old-testament); they all use books

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14
Q

How is Switzerland able to be peaceful even though it is multilingual?

A

more power is given to the people than the federal government

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15
Q

What is the significance of the Basque?

A

An isolated language w/ no language family isolated in the mountains

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16
Q

How have celtic languages been preserved

A

Diffusion from higher power works to bring it back

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17
Q

What is a lingua franca?

A

A language used for business

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18
Q

What is the role of spanish in the US

A

spaniard colonization in the south

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19
Q

How are the places of origin different in ethnic and universalizing religions?

A

ethnic- usually unknown
universal- precise origins of an important man

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20
Q

What is the primary mode of diffusion for ethnic religions?

A

relocation

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21
Q

What is balkanization?

A

violent break-up of a state

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22
Q

What impact do sacred places have on their religion’s followers?

A

pride, where they travel, what they take care of

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23
Q

How do religions spread

A

relocation, trade, warfare, media, missionaries

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24
Q

What is an autonomous religion?

A

no hiearchy

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25
Q

What is fundamentalism?

A

taking a religion too literally

26
Q

what is the caste system?

A

Hindu rank that related to social order and reincarnation

27
Q

What are the differences between interfaith and intrafaith?

A

inter- two different religions
intra- in the same religion

28
Q

Explain the conflicts with Palestine and Israel:

A

palestinians became israel’s opponents (WWII Jews had to return). UN came to take the land away. Palestein: Muslim, Israel: Jewish

29
Q

race

A

biological appearence

30
Q

ethnic

A

cultural background

31
Q

nationality

A

legal citizenship

32
Q

what are centripetal/ centrifugal forces?

A

centripetal- unites religions/ states
centrifugal- breaks apart religions/ states

33
Q

why does ethnic conflict break out?

A

when there are more centrifugal forces

34
Q

why are states partitioned by outside forces?

A

to try and maintain peace

35
Q

What is ethnic cleansing

A

getting rid of an ethnicity

36
Q

why is judaism not like other ethnic religions?

A

the majority practices outside of the hearth

37
Q

Explain core, domain, and sphere

A

core: 95%
domain: 75%
sphere: 50%

38
Q

what religions put the most emphasis on pilgramage?

A

buddhism & islam

39
Q

How can pilgrimage aid diffusion?

A

joins people together

40
Q

What is the Ka’ba?

A

big, black cube in Mecca where muslims take a pilgrimage

41
Q

What is a utopian settlement?

A

ideal community built around religion. A place so perfect laws/ money is not necessary and everything is done through morals.

42
Q

What is a hierarchical religion?

A

Has a power structure

43
Q

What is the power structure of the Catholic Church?

A

Pope-cardinal- arch bishop- bishop- priest

44
Q

What is an autonomous religion?

A

No hierarchy

45
Q

What are the different types of language?

A

Alphabetic, syllabic, ideogrammic

46
Q

What is alphabetic writing?

A

Uses an alphabet

47
Q

What is syllabic writing?

A

Each character represents a syllable

48
Q

What is ideogrammatic writing?

A

Uses symbols for phrases/ actions

49
Q

What is the second largest language family?

A

Sino-tiberian

50
Q

What is the most spoken official language?

A

Mandarin

51
Q

What is an isolated language family?

A

A language that is untouched and does not diffuse

52
Q

What makes African languages unique?

A

Lack a written tradition

53
Q

What group/location/languages belong with the Indo-iranic branch

A

Indo European/South Asia, Hindi/denghali/Iranian/Pashtun

54
Q

What group/location/languages belong with the romance branch?

A

Latin/SW Europe/Spanish/Portuguese/ French/ Italian

55
Q

How did English diffuse globally?

A

Relocation colonization/ imperilization

56
Q

What is a dialect?

A

Version of a language (vocab, spelling, pronunciation)

57
Q

What is an isogloss

A

A boarder where the languages/ dialect change

58
Q

What is BRP

A

British Received Pronunciation (England’s standard language)

59
Q

5 pillars

A

Islam beliefs

60
Q

4 Nobel truths

A

Buddhist beliefs

AP human geography (10 decks)

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