🧡 Unit 3: Major Macromolecules - Nucleic Acids Flashcards
1
Q
Nucleic Acids
A
huge organic molecules composed of C,H,O,N,P
2
Q
Types of Nucleic Acids
A
DNA and RNA
3
Q
DNA
A
- Contains code for amino acid sequence
- Determines protein structure
- Inherited
- Double stranded
4
Q
RNA
A
- Translate DNA code into proteins
- Temporary
- Single stranded
5
Q
Nucleotide
A
- Building block of nucleic acids
- Differ in DNA and RNA
6
Q
Structure of Nucleotides (DNA)
A
- Sugar = deoxyribose
- Phosphate Group
- Nitrogenous Base: A,G,C,T
7
Q
Structure of Nucleotides (RNA)
A
- Sugar = ribose
- Phosphate Group
- Nitrogenous Base: A,G,C,U
8
Q
Complementary Base Pairs
A
paired nitrogenous bases
A—T G—-C A—-U
9
Q
Where is DNA found?
A
nucleus as chromosomes
10
Q
How many pairs of chromosomes does DNA have?
A
23 pairs
11
Q
Gene
A
segments of DNA, codes for 1 protein
12
Q
Forms of RNA
A
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
13
Q
mRNA
A
(messenger) copies the gene
14
Q
tRNA
A
(transfer) brings amino acid to the ribosome
15
Q
rRNA
A
(ribosomal) forms ribosome
16
Q
ATP
A
Adenosine Triphosphate
17
Q
Structure of ATP
A
- Nitrogenous Base (adenine)
- Sugar (ribose)
- 3 Phosphate Groups
18
Q
Function of ATP
A
- Primary energy carrier/currency within cells
- Powers protein synthesis
19
Q
How is ATP produced?
A
Glucose Carabolism/Cellular Respiration
