🧡 Unit 3: Major Macromolecules - Carbohydrates Flashcards
1
Q
Carbohydrates
A
- Contain C,H,O in 1:2:1 ratio
- Energy source
- 1% of body weight
2
Q
Types of Carbohydrates
A
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
3
Q
Monosaccharides
A
building blocks of carbohydrates, 3 to 7 carbon atoms (simple sugars)
4
Q
Isomers
A
same formula different structures
(ex: glucose and fructose)
5
Q
Glucose
A
- Hexose
- Most common in the body
- Metabolic fuel
- Water soluble
- Formula: C6H12O6
6
Q
Disaccharides
A
two simple sugars joined together, soluble in water
(ex: glucose + fructose = sucrose)
7
Q
What breaks down (catabolism) disaccharides into simple sugars?
A
hydrolysis
8
Q
Polysaccharides
A
- Monosaccharides and disaccharides linked together into chains
- Too big to be water soluble
9
Q
Types of Polysaccharides
A
Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen
10
Q
Cellulose
A
(Plants) —> fiber, can’t digest
11
Q
Starch
A
(Plants) —> store energy, can digest
12
Q
Glycogen
A
(Animals) —> stored form of glucose
13
Q
What’s the ONLY type of carbohydrate that can be absorbed and used for energy?
A
Monsaccharides
