unit 3 KA1 - food supply, plant growth, and productivity Flashcards

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1
Q

what is meant by food security

A

the ability of human populations to access food of sufficient quality and quantity

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2
Q

what is meant by access to food

A

people must have economic means to obtain the available food

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3
Q

what is meant by food quantity

A

sufficient food must be available at all times

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4
Q

what is meant by food quality

A

food is sufficiently nutritious and varied to provide a balanced diet

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5
Q

why has there been demand for increased food production

A

the increase in the human population and concern for food security leads to a demand for increased food production

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6
Q

what should food production be

A
  • sustainable

- not degrade the natural resources on which agriculture depends

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7
Q

what does agricultural production depend on

A

the factors that control photosynthesis and plant growth.

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8
Q

what are plant crop examples

A

cereals, potato, roots and legumes

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9
Q

what are factors that control plant growth

A
  • breeding of higher yielding cultivars
  • use of fertilister
  • protecting crops from pests with pesticides
  • protecting crops from diseases and competition with herbicides and fungicides
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10
Q

is the area to grow crops infinite or is it limited

A

the area to grow crops is limited

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11
Q

what is all food production unltimately dependent on

A

photosynthesis

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12
Q

what do breeders seek to develop

A

they seek to develop crops with higher nutritional values, resistence to pests and diseases, physical characteristics suited to rearing and harvesting as well as those that can thrive in particular environmental conditions

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13
Q

which produce less food per unit area - livestock produce or crop plants? why?

A

livestock produce due to the loss of energy between trophic levels

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14
Q

when is livestock production often possible

A

in the habitats that are unsuitable for growing crops

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15
Q

how is energy lost in a food chain

A

movement, heat, faeces

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16
Q

what proportion of energy is lost between trophic levels

A

90%

17
Q

does arable land produce more food when planted with crops or with grass to feed livestock. therefore which lands are more suitable for growing grass for livestock.

A

when planted with crops. this is why it is efficient to use lands unsuitable for growing crops for livestock.