Unit 3: chapter 9 vocab Flashcards
legislation prohibiting sex discrimination in schools receiving federal aid, which had the impact of increasing female participation in sports programs.
title IX
a 1920 constitutional amendment granting women the right to vote.
nineteenth amendment
legislation outlawing literacy tests and authorizing the Justice of Department to send federal officers to register voters in uncooperative cities, countries, and states.
voting rights act of 1965
legislation outlawing racial segregation in schools and public places and authorizing the attorney general to sue individual school districts that failed to desegregate.
civil rights act of 1964
the intentional refusal to obey a law to call attention to its injustice.
civil disobedience
large groups of citizens organizing for political change.
social movement
a policy designed to address the consequences of previous discrimination by providing special consideration to individuals based upon their characteristics, such as race or gender.
affirmative action
a separation of individuals based on characteristics that arises not by law but because of other factors, such as residential housing patterns.
de facto segregation
the separation of individuals based on their characteristics such as race, intentionally and by law.
de jure segregation
the separation by law of individuals based on their race.
legal segregation
an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1870 granting voting rights to African American men.
fifteenth amendment
clause of the fourteenth amendment that has been used to protect the civil rights of Americans from discrimination based on race, national origin, religion, gender, and other characteristics.
equal protection clause
an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1868 granting citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States and placing restrictions on state laws that sought to abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States
fourteenth amendment
an amendment to the Constitution passed in 1865 prohibiting slavery within the United States.
thirteenth amendment
protections for individuals from discrimination based on race, national origin, religion, sex, and other characteristics, ensuring equal treatment under the law.
civil rights
