Unit 1: chapter 2 vocab Flashcards

1
Q

a document that sets out the fundamental principles of governance and establishes the instutions of government

A

constitution

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2
Q

a government ruled by represenatives of the people

A

republic

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3
Q

a governing document that created a union of thirteen sovereign states in which the states, not the national government, were surpreme

A

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual union

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4
Q

one-house legislature

A

unicameral

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5
Q

a popular uprising against the government of Massachusetts

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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6
Q

a meeting attended by state delegates in 1787 to fix the Articles Confederation

A

Consitiutional Convention

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7
Q

the right of people detained by the government to know the charges against them

A

Writ of Habeas Corpus

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8
Q

when the legislature declares someone as guilty without a trial

A

bills of attainder

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9
Q

laws punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed

A

ex post facto laws

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10
Q

a plan of government calling for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature, where more populous states would have more representation in Congress

A

Virginia Plan

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11
Q

a plan of government that provided for a unicameral legislature with equal votes for each states

A

New Jersey Plan

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12
Q

a committe at the Constitutional Convention that worked out the compromise on represnetation

A

Grand Committee

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13
Q

an agreement for a plan of government that drew upon both the Virgina and New Jersey Plans; it settled issues of state representation by calling for a bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives apportioned proportionately and a Senate apportioned equally

A

Great (Connecticut) Compromise

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14
Q

congress could not restrict the slave trade until 1808

A

Compromise on Importation

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15
Q

a two-house legislature

A

bicameral

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16
Q

an agreement reached by delegates at the Consitutional Convention that a slave would count as three-fifths of a person in calculating a state’s representation.

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

17
Q

a design of government that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful on its own

A

seperation of powers

18
Q

a design of government in which each branch has powers that can prevent the other branches from making policy

A

checks and balances

19
Q

the sharing of power between the national government and the states

A

federalism

20
Q

the institution responsible for making laws

A

legislative

21
Q

authority specifically granted to a branch of the government in the Constitution

A

expressed/enumerated powers

22
Q

supporters of the proposed Constitution, who called for a strong national government

A

Federalist

23
Q

language in Article 1, Section 8, granting Congress the powers necessary to carry out its enumerated powers

A

necessary and proper (elastic) clause

24
Q

authority of the federal government that goes beyond its expressed powers

A

implied powers

25
those opposed to the proposed Constitution, who favored stronger state governments
Anti-Federalist
26
the institution responsible for carrying out laws passed by the legislative branch
executive branch
27
the insitution responsible for hearing and deciding cases through the federal courts
judiciary branch
28
constitution and all national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land
supremacy clause
29
the process by which changes may be made to the Constitution
amendment
30
an essay in which Madison aruges that seperation of powers and federation will prevent tyranny
Federalist No. 51
31
a series of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay and published between 1787 and 1788 that lay out the theory behind the Constitution
federalist papers
32
an essay in which Madison argues that the dangers of a faction can be mitigated by a large republic and republican government
Federalist No. 10
33
an Antifederalist Paper aruging that the country was too large to be governed as a republic
Brutus No. 1
34
a group of self-intrested people who use the government to get what they want, trampling the rights of other in the process
faction