Unit 1: chapter 2 vocab

Question 1

a document that sets out the fundamental principles of governance and establishes the instutions of government

Answer 1

constitution

Question 2

a government ruled by represenatives of the people

Answer 2

republic

Question 3

a governing document that created a union of thirteen sovereign states in which the states, not the national government, were surpreme

Answer 3

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual union

Question 4

one-house legislature

Answer 4

unicameral

Question 5

a popular uprising against the government of Massachusetts

Answer 5

Shay’s Rebellion

Question 6

a meeting attended by state delegates in 1787 to fix the Articles Confederation

Answer 6

Consitiutional Convention

Question 7

the right of people detained by the government to know the charges against them

Answer 7

Writ of Habeas Corpus

Question 8

when the legislature declares someone as guilty without a trial

Answer 8

bills of attainder

Question 9

laws punishing people for acts that were not crimes at the time they were committed

Answer 9

ex post facto laws

Question 10

a plan of government calling for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature, where more populous states would have more representation in Congress

Answer 10

Virginia Plan

Question 11

a plan of government that provided for a unicameral legislature with equal votes for each states

Answer 11

New Jersey Plan

Question 12

a committe at the Constitutional Convention that worked out the compromise on represnetation

Answer 12

Grand Committee

Question 13

an agreement for a plan of government that drew upon both the Virgina and New Jersey Plans; it settled issues of state representation by calling for a bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives apportioned proportionately and a Senate apportioned equally

Answer 13

Great (Connecticut) Compromise

Question 14

congress could not restrict the slave trade until 1808

Answer 14

Compromise on Importation

Question 15

a two-house legislature

Answer 15

bicameral

Question 16

an agreement reached by delegates at the Consitutional Convention that a slave would count as three-fifths of a person in calculating a state’s representation.

Answer 16

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 17

a design of government that distributes powers across institutions in order to avoid making one branch too powerful on its own

Answer 17

seperation of powers

Question 18

a design of government in which each branch has powers that can prevent the other branches from making policy

Answer 18

checks and balances

Question 19

the sharing of power between the national government and the states

Answer 19

federalism

Question 20

the institution responsible for making laws

Answer 20

legislative

Question 21

authority specifically granted to a branch of the government in the Constitution

Answer 21

expressed/enumerated powers

Question 22

supporters of the proposed Constitution, who called for a strong national government

Answer 22

Federalist

Question 23

language in Article 1, Section 8, granting Congress the powers necessary to carry out its enumerated powers

Answer 23

necessary and proper (elastic) clause

Question 24

authority of the federal government that goes beyond its expressed powers

Answer 24

implied powers

Question 25

those opposed to the proposed Constitution, who favored stronger state governments

Answer 25

Anti-Federalist

Question 26

the institution responsible for carrying out laws passed by the legislative branch

Answer 26

executive branch

Question 27

the insitution responsible for hearing and deciding cases through the federal courts

Answer 27

judiciary branch

Question 28

constitution and all national laws and treaties are the supreme law of the land

Answer 28

supremacy clause

Question 29

the process by which changes may be made to the Constitution

Answer 29

amendment

Question 30

an essay in which Madison aruges that seperation of powers and federation will prevent tyranny

Answer 30

Federalist No. 51

Question 31

a series of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay and published between 1787 and 1788 that lay out the theory behind the Constitution

Answer 31

federalist papers

Question 32

an essay in which Madison argues that the dangers of a faction can be mitigated by a large republic and republican government

Answer 32

Federalist No. 10

Question 33

an Antifederalist Paper aruging that the country was too large to be governed as a republic

Answer 33

Brutus No. 1

Question 34

a group of self-intrested people who use the government to get what they want, trampling the rights of other in the process

Answer 34

faction