Unit 1: chapter 3 vocab

Question 1

a system that divides power between the national and state governments

Answer 1

federalism

Question 2

a system where the central government has all of the power over subnational governments

Answer 2

unitary system

Question 3

s system where the subnational governments have most of the power

Answer 3

confederal system

Question 4

a system where power is divided between the national and state governments

Answer 4

federal system

Question 5

powers explicitly granted to the national government through the Consitution; also called expressed powers

Answer 5

enumerated or expressed powers

Question 6

exclusive powers

Answer 6

powers only the national government may exercise

Question 7

powers not granted specifically to the national government but considered necessary to carry out the enumerated powers

Answer 7

implied powers

Question 8

grants congress the authority to regulate interstate business and commerical activity

Answer 8

commerce clause

Question 9

grants the federal government the authority to pass laws required to carry out its enumerated powers. Also called the elastic clause

Answer 9

necessary and proper clause

Question 10

establishes the Consitution and the laws of the federal government passed under its authority as the highest laws of the land

Answer 10

supremacy clause

Question 11

reserves powers not delegrated to the national government to the states and the people; the basis of federalism

Answer 11

Tenth amendment

Question 12

powers not granted to the national government, which are retained by the states and the people

Answer 12

reserved powers

Question 13

constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from another state

Answer 13

full faith and credit clause

Question 14

the requirment that officals in one state return a defendant to another state where the crime was committed

Answer 14

extradition

Question 15

consitutional clase that prevents states from discriminating against people from out of state

Answer 15

privileges and immunites clause

Question 16

consitutional amendment that outlaws slavery

Answer 16

Thirteenth Amendment

Question 17

consitutional amendment that provides that personsn born in the United States are citizens and prohibits states from denying persons due process or equal protections under the law

Answer 17

fourteenth amendment

Question 18

constitutional amendment that gave african americans the right to vote

Answer 18

fifteenth amendment

Question 19

a form of American federalism in which the states and the nation operate independentky in their own areas of public policy

Answer 19

dual fedralism

Question 20

the process through which the surpeme court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis

Answer 20

selective incorporation

Question 21

a form of American fedralism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy

Answer 21

coorperative federalism

Question 22

federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives

Answer 22

grants-in-aid

Question 23

the federal government’s use of grants-in-aid to influence policies

Answer 23

fiscal federalsim

Question 24

grants-in-aid provided to states with specific provisions on their use

Answer 24

categorical grants

Question 25

federal requirments that states must follow without being provided with funding

Answer 25

unfunded mandate

Question 26

a type of grant-in-aid that gives state offical more authority in the disbursement of federal funds

Answer 26

block grant

Question 27

when the federal government apportions tax money to the states with no string attached

Answer 27

revenue sharing

Question 28

returing more authority to state or local governments

Answer 28

devolution

Question 29

powers granted to both states and the federal government in the Consitution

Answer 29

concurrent powers