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AP Gov > Unit 2: exam - congress > Flashcards

Unit 2: exam - congress Flashcards

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1
Q

which article is congress detailed

A

article 1

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2
Q

why is congress the longest in the consitution

A

they thought it would be the most powerful

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3
Q

who/what does the house represent

A

districts (closer to the people)

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4
Q

who/what does the senate represent

A

their state

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5
Q

powers of congress (overview)

A
  1. legislative authority
  2. Budgeting (power of the purse)
  3. oversight
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6
Q

legislative authority

powers of congress

A
  • most important
  • ability to pass laws
  • both enumerated and express (necessary and proper clause expanded it)
  • economic policy, foregin policy, national security, etc
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7
Q

budgeting

powers of congress

A
  • sets the national budget
  • Appropriates money for agencies and programs
  • power of the purse
  • significant power over policy
  • pork barrel spending/earmarks: allocation of money
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8
Q

logrolling

congress

A

trading votes (u vote for my law i vote for yours)

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9
Q

oversight

pwoers of congress

A

keeps an eye on the executive branch to ensure they are operating legally and in alliance with congressional goals

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10
Q

checks the legislative branch can impose on other branches

congress

A
  • declare war
  • create federal court systems below SCOTUS
  • (senate) advise and consent - Article II, section 2
  • impeach
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11
Q

what does advise and consent include

congress - senate

A
  • ratify treaties
  • Confirm federal judges
  • confirm executive appointments
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12
Q

process of impeachment

congress

A
  • article II: section 2
  • house brings charges (with majority vote)
  • trial is conducted by the senate (2/3 vote to convict): Article 1; section 3
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13
Q

why is someone impeached

congress

A

“treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdeameanors”

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14
Q

consitituency

A

def: body of voters in a particular area who elect a representative or senator
- house of rep: district based by population
- senate: state wide

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15
Q

how many seats are in the house

A

435

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16
Q

which is more formal and why

A

senate: more people, more rules

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17
Q

where is the necessary and proper clause in the constitution

A

article 1, section 8

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18
Q

what are three areas of congress that are legislated with the necessary and proper clause

A
  1. economics
  2. Environmental issues
  3. social issues
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19
Q

(S or R)
- filibusters, unanimous consent agreements, holds

A

senate

20
Q

(S or R)
- ratifying treaties

A

senate

21
Q

(S or R)
- tax/revenue bills, impeachment, discharge petition

A

house of rep

22
Q

(S or R)
- rules committee, committee of the whole

A
23
Q

(S or R)
- confirm nonimations

A

senate

24
Q

what are the 5 enumerated powers of congress

A
  1. pass the federal budget (power of the purse)
  2. raise revenue (income taxes and tariffs)
  3. coin money
  4. declare war
  5. raise and maintain an armed force
25
Q

requirements to serve in the house of rep.

A
  • 25yrs old
  • 7 yrs a citizen
  • Resident of the state they want to serve
26
Q

requirements to serve in the senate

A
  • 30yrs old
  • 9yrs a citizen
  • resident of the state they want to serve
27
Q

why do senators serve longer terms

A

they are more insulated from political pressure, they don’t have to constantly reflect the changing opinions of their state

28
Q

when does redistricting occur, and why does it occur

A

after the census, to properly portion out citizens so they get the right amount of representation

29
Q

gerrymandering

A

the intentional use of redistricting to benefit a specific interest group or voters

30
Q

partisan gerrymandering

A

gerrymandering that benefits a political party

31
Q

Baker v. Carr - facts

A
  • Tennessee hasn’t redrawn it’s district lines in a while - leading to the small rural communities having more power than the large urban areas (each district had one person)
  • Why did Tennessee not redrawn it’s borders? SCOTUS said it was not justiciable: the court had no business in areas of redistricting (thought it was solely a state matter)
32
Q

Baker v. Carr - Constitutional principle

A

14th amendment (state infringements on liberty) - equal protections clause

33
Q

Baker v. Carr - arguments

A

by refusing to redraw the districts and reapportioning representatives…all citizens in Tennessee were not protected under the law (as they weren’t equally represented as expected by the 14th amendment), the question is in deed judiciable

34
Q

Baker v. Carr - decision

A
  • issue of reapportionment were justiciable
  • SCOTUS did have authority to rule on questions of legislative reapportionment
35
Q

Baker v. Carr - impact

A
  • 1 person 1 vote
  • altered political representation across (making sure rural votes werent stronger than urban votes)
  • SCOTUS is now involved in political questions
36
Q

committee system (overview)

A
  • the majority party controls committees
  • control what bills hit the floor
  • exercise oversight and conduct investigations
37
Q

select committee

A

temporary - conducts investagations

38
Q

standing committees

A

Permeant - hearings, oversight, where majority of work is conducted

39
Q

Conference committees

A

compromises bills between the house and senate

40
Q

joint committee

A

Includes members of the house and Senate (and both parties)

41
Q

how does a bill become a law

A
  1. member of congress introduces it
  2. goes to a committee (where most die)
  3. floor consideration
  4. resolve any differences between the senate and house (as it has to be identical to be passed)
  5. the president either signs or vetos it
42
Q

what organization assists the president in making the federal budget

A

Office of management and budget (OMB)

43
Q

the ____ of the federal budget has already been allocated

A

majority (mandatory spending)

44
Q

how does the gov take in revenue

A

taxes and fees

45
Q

budget surplus vs deficit

A

a deficit is when we spend more than we have, a surplus is when revenue is more than we spend

46
Q

roles of legislatures

A
  1. trustee - making decisions based off of knowledge and judgement (trust me ik best)
  2. delegate - carrying out constituent’s wishes (i’m at ur service)
  3. politico role - based on the current politics

AP Gov (19 decks)

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