Unit 3 ANEMIAS Davis Advantage

Question 1

The nurse is aware that a client who presents with anemia could exhibit which of these signs and symptoms of the disorder? Select all that apply.

Fatigue

Bradycardia

Shortness of breath

Pallor

Bradypnea

Answer 1

xFatigue
xShortness of breath

xPallor

Question 2

The nurse is aware that client education about oral iron supplements was effective when the client makes which of these statements?

“There are no side effect symptoms that I need to worry about.”

“It would be good for me to take my iron supplement with a glass of orange juice.”

“It will be best for me to take my supplement immediately after breakfast.”

“If I eat a healthy diet today, I can skip my iron supplement.”

Answer 2

X “It would be good for me to take my iron supplement with a glass of orange juice.”

Question 3

The nurse is preparing client-teaching handouts about iron deficiency anemia. The nurse knows which of these would be a common cause of this condition? Select all that apply.

Hemorrhage and chronic blood loss

Peptic ulcer

Chronic respiratory conditions

Poor nutritional intake

Sickle cell trait

Answer 3

X Poor nutritional intake
X Hemorrhage and chronic blood loss
X Peptic ulcer

Question 4

The nurse would explain to the client which of these foods are dietary sources of iron? Select all that apply.

Dark green leafy vegetables

Seafood

Fortified cereals and breads

Citrus fruits

Red meat

Answer 4

X Fortified cereals and breads
X Red meat
X Dark green leafy vegetables

Question 5

The nurse is caring for Susan, a young adult female client, in the healthcare provider’s office. She has symptoms of “feeling tired” and “having no energy.”

The nurse questions if Susan may be experiencing anemia. Which symptoms should the nurse evaluate for? Select all that apply.

Fatigue

Hypokalemia

Pallor

Tachycardia

Constipation

Tachypnea

Dehydration

Shortness of breath

Answer 5

X Fatigue
X Pallor
X Tachycardia
X Tachypnea

Question 6

Susan is exhibiting several of the general symptoms of anemia. The nurse asks if she has had any episodes of confusion and disorientation. Susan states, “Now that you mention it, I have had some afternoons where I have not felt like myself. I guess you could call it confused or disoriented. Why would I be feeling like that? Does anemia cause these symptoms?” What would be the nurse’s best response?

“Some types of anemia can cause these symptoms due to decreased oxygenation of the brain.”

“If you are having these symptoms it could mean that there is something going on more serious than anemia.”

“I doubt it is anything to worry about. You can mention it to the healthcare provider when they see you.”

“I will let the healthcare provider know right now of these symptoms.”

Answer 6

?

Question 7

Susan is exhibiting several of the general symptoms of anemia. The nurse asks if she has had any episodes of confusion and disorientation. Susan states, “Now that you mention it, I have had some afternoons where I have not felt like myself. I guess you could call it confused or disoriented. Why would I be feeling like that? Does anemia cause these symptoms?” What would be the nurse’s best response?

“Some types of anemia can cause these symptoms due to decreased oxygenation of the brain.”

“If you are having these symptoms it could mean that there is something going on more serious than anemia.”

“I doubt it is anything to worry about. You can mention it to the healthcare provider when they see you.”

“I will let the healthcare provider know right now of these symptoms.”

Answer 7

X “Some types of anemia can cause these symptoms due to decreased oxygenation of the brain.”

Question 8

While completing a nursing history, the nurse learns that Susan is prescribed metformin and oral contraceptives. She is at risk for what type of anemia?

Iron deficiency anemia

Vitamin B12 anemia

Folic acid deficiency

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 8

X Folic acid deficiency

Question 9

As Susan is preparing to leave, the nurse is reviewing a teaching handout about increasing dietary folic acid. What should be included in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Red meat

Green leafy vegetables

Fortified grains

Dairy products

Nuts

Answer 9

XGreen leafy vegetables
XFortified grains
XNuts

Question 10

Johnston is a 22-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus. He was born with the virus and has been maintained with medications since birth. He presents to the clinic today with extreme fatigue.

The practitioner draws serum blood work and the results include decreased red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. What type of anemia could cause these results?

Folic acid anemia

B12 anemia

Iron deficiency anemia

Aplastic anemia

Answer 10

X Aplastic anemia

Question 11

Which symptoms should the nurse assess Johnston for?

Shortness of breath

Constipation

Bruising

Infection

Sleeplessness

Answer 11

X Shortness of breath
X Bruising
X Infection

Question 12

Johnston asks the nurse what he should expect as treatment for his aplastic anemia. What should the nurse say?

Most symptoms will be resolved with dietary changes.

Often blood transfusions are a part of the treatment for the anemia.

Removal of your HIV medications will treat the aplastic anemia.

There are medications that will cure your bone marrow disease.

Answer 12

X Often blood transfusions are a part of the treatment for the anemia.

Question 13

Johnston is placed on bleeding precautions for his low platelet count. What should the nurse include with this? Select all that apply.

Bladed razors

Soft toothbrushes

Frequent rotation of IV sites

Direct pressure to venipuncture and injection sites

Flossing

Answer 13

X Soft toothbrushes

X Direct pressure to venipuncture and injection sites

Question 14

The nurse is explaining the diagnosis of aplastic anemia to the client. The nurse would include which of these statements in the explanation?

The client has a decreased number of red blood cells in the bloodstream.

The client has a decrease in red blood cell production.

The client is deficient in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

The client has a lack of vitamin B12, known as extrinsic factor.

Answer 14

X The client is deficient in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Question 15

The client has been diagnosed with a vitamin B12 deficiency. What would the nurse ask more about in the client history related to this finding?

Seasonal allergies

Diet

Medications

Exercise

Answer 15

X Diet

Question 16

The nurse understands that anemia has many possible etiologies. Which can cause anemia? Select all that apply.

Diet low in vitamin D

Reduction in the number of red blood cells

Inability of the body to absorb vitamin B12

Reduction in hemoglobin

Excess amount of folic acid in the body

Answer 16

X Reduction in the number of red blood cells

X Inability of the body to absorb vitamin B12

X Reduction in hemoglobin

Question 17

The nurse is aware that a client with anemia could exhibit which generalized symptoms? Select all that apply.

Hypersensitivity to light

Dizziness

Shortness of breath

Bleeding gums

Fatigue

Answer 17

X Dizziness

X Shortness of breath

X Bleeding gums

X Fatigue

Question 18

The nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia about the importance of increasing iron intake in the diet. The nurse would know the teaching was effective when the client states which of the following foods are rich in dietary iron? Select all that apply.

Red meat

Dark green leafy vegetables

Fish and shellfish

Dried beans

Citrus fruits

Answer 18

?

Question 19

The nurse is assessing a child who ingests clay. Which is the most likely cause for this condition?

Depletion of iron in the body

Reduction in the number of platelets

Deficiency of vitamin B12

Increase in production of red blood cells

Answer 19

?

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a patient with iron deficiency anemia. The patient has been asked to increase his daily dietary intake of iron. What foods should the nurse suggest?

Answer 20

Meat, dark green leafy vegetables, dried beans, and beets

Question 21

The nurse is assessing a child who ingests clay. Which is the most likely cause for this condition?

Answer 21

Depletion of iron in the body

Question 22

Which assessment findings does the nurse associate with iron deficiency anemia (IDA)? Select all that apply.

Answer 22

Fatigue
Glossitis
Koilonychias
Pica

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a patient with iron deficiency anemia. Which food should the nurse teach the patient to include in his or her daily diet to improve iron absorption?

Answer 23

Citrus fruits

Question 24

Which individuals are likely to develop vitamin B12 anemia? Select all that apply.

An older adult patient

A patient with a recent gastrointestinal (GI) resection

A patient who is a long-term vegetarian

Answer 24

An older adult patient

A patient with a recent gastrointestinal (GI) resection

A patient who is a long-term vegetarian

Question 25

Which is true regarding pernicious anemia?

Answer 25

It is an autoimmune disease.

Question 26

Which assessment finding is correlated with vitamin B12 deficiency? Select all that apply.

Answer 26

Impaired sense of balance

Numbness and tingling in the hands and feet

Sensation of electric shock produced by neck flexion

Question 27

Which is a cause of folic acid deficiency? Select all that apply.

Answer 27

Pregnancy 
Radiation therapy 
Hemodialysis 
Vegetarian diet 
Alcoholism

Question 28

Which laboratory test does the nurse refer to so as to distinguish folic acid deficiency in a patient

Serum homocysteine levels

Answer 28

Serum homocysteine levels