Unit 3 Anemias ADPIE Flashcards
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Decreased hematorcit and hemoglobin levels
Decreased serum ferritin levels
Tachypnea
Shortness of breath
Tachycardia
Pallor
Fatigue
Blood loss
Changes in level of consciousness
Cognitive impairment
Glossitis
Physical abnormalities “spoon shaped nails”
Iron Deficiency Anemia
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Inadequte tissue perfusion
Related to decreased oxygen delivery as a result of decreased iron stores
Fatigue
Related to inadequate oxygenation to body tissues
Activity intolerance
Related to impaired oxygen carrying capacity secondary to IDA
Iron Deficiency Anemia
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Vital signs
Serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels
Fatigue, pallor, shotness of breath
Level of consciousness
Blood loss, if present
Iron Deficiency Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervenstion Actions:
Increase dietary iron
Increase intake of vitamin c
Administer iron-supplement therapy
Minimize blood loss
Iron Deficiency Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervention Teaching;
Dietary sources of iron
Immediately report any signs of bleeding, increasing fatigue, shortness of breath
Daily iron supplements must be taken as prescribed
Dangers of lead exposure
Prenatal teaching about iron intake
Iron Deficiency Anemia
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Neurological
Numbness, tingling, burning in hads or feet
Altered mood status (confused, dementia)
Depression
Mood swings
Coordination and balance
Impaired taste , stiging sensation on the toung
Verbal disturbances
Vitamin B 12 Anemia
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Inadequte tissue perfusion
Related to decreased oxygen as a result of decreased hemoglobin and hemocrit
Activity intolerance
Related to impaired oxygen-carryingcapacity secondary to vit. B12 deficiency
Chronic pain
Related to inadequete vitamin B12 levels as evidenced by peripheral neuropathy
Vitamin B 12 Anemia
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Vital signs
fatigue, pallor, shotness of breath
Numbness, tingling, burning of hands or feet; confusion ; mood swings
Decreased hemoglobin/hematocrit levels, decreased vit. B12 levels, elevated serum and urine MMA levels
Fall risk
Intake and output
Vitamin B 12 Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervenstion Actions;
Monitor use of folic acid
Monitor use of nitrous oxide
Asses pain and activity levels due to peripheral neuropathy
Vitamin B 12 Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervention Teaching;
Dietary sources
Need supplementation
Immediately report any clinical manifestation of fatigue, shortness of breath, peresthesias, and confusion
Prenatal teaching
Radiation for advanced cancers
Actins of acid-reducing medications
Vitamin B 12 Anemia
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Shorness of breath
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Fatigue
Pallor
Dizziness
Confusion, disorientation
Decreased hemoglobin
Elevated hemocysteine level with normal serum MMA levels
Folic Acid Deficiency
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Inadequte tissue perfusion
Related to decreased oxygenation as a result of decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit
Activity intolerance
Related to impaired oxygen-carrying capacity secondary to folate deficiency
Risk for delayed development
Related to incomplete ube closure secondary to folate deficiency
Folic Acid Deficiency
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Vital signs
Fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath
Confusion, disorientation
Hemoglobin levels, serum folte levels, RBC folate levels, increased serum folate levels
Folic Acid Deficiency
what anemia has this
Intervenstion Actions;
Ensure adequete folate/folic acid intake
Administer folic acid supplements
Differentiate anemia caused by folic acid deficiency versus vitamin B12 deficiency
Folic Acid Deficiency
what anemia has this
Intervention Teaching;
Dietary sources of folate/ folic acid
Immediately report any clinical manifestations of fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, and confusion
Prenatal teaching
Need for supplementation
Folic Acid Deficiency
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Shortness of breath
Tachycardia
Elevated temperature
Brusing
Bleeding gums
Nosebleeds
Fatigue
Pallor
Dizziness
Headache
Aplastic Anemia
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Activity intolerance
Related to decreased oxygen carrying capacity secondary to decreased RBCs
Risk for injury
Related decreased platelets secondary to bone marrow suspension
Risk for infection
Related to decreased WBCs seondary to bone marrow suspension
Aplastic Anemia
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Vital signs
CBC results
Bonemarrow results
Oxygen saturation
Signs of bleeding
Fatigue and pallor
Dizziness and headache
Aplastic Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervenstion Actions;
Provide supplemental oxygen
Administer blood products
Implement bleeding precautions
Protect from injury
Aplastic Anemia
what anemia has this
Intervention Teaching;
Avoid exposure to potential infections\report all temperature elevations
Avoid activities with the pontential for trauma or injury
Clinical manifistations of anemia
Nutritional intake
Aplastic Anemia
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Jaundice- biliruben build up from hemolysis
Dark urine- biliruben build up from hemolysis
Shotness of breath
Tachycardia
Pallor
Decresed RBCs & HGb
Elevated liver enzimes
Enlarged spleen
G6PD
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Jaundice- biliruben build up from hemolysis
Dark urine- biliruben build up from hemolysis
Shotness of breath
Tachycardia
Pallor
Decresed RBCs & HGb
Elevated liver enzimes
Enlarged spleen
G6PD
what anemia has this
Manifestation;
Shortness of breath, especially when suspine
Fatigue
Dizziness
Headache
Pruritus- especially after a warm bath
Flusihng or fullness in th eupper left abdomin (engorged spleen/liver)
Vision problems
Weight loss
Polycythemia Vera
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Ineffective tissue perfusion
Related to hyperviscosity and poor oxygen
Activity intolerance
Relted to impaired tissue perfusion secondary to hyperviscosity and poor oxygen
Risk for ineffective coping
Related to clinial manifestations of shortness of breath, fatigue, itching, anorexia
Polycythemia Vera
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Shotness of breath
Headache
Dizziness
Generalized pruritus- after warm bath
Flushing of the face
Feeling of fullness
Fatigue
Vision problems
Weight loss
RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit
Bonemarrow biopsy results
Erythropoietin level
Vital signs during phlebotomy
Uric acid levels
Polycythemia Vera
what anemia has this Intervenstion Actions
Obtain routine CBCs
Increase fluis intake
Ensure adequate rest
Elevate lower extremities when sitting
Modify cardiovascular risk factors
Polycythemia Vera
what anemia has this Intervention Teaching
Clinical manifestation of severe thromboembolic events
Rationale for aggressive hydration
Eat small, frequent meals
Avoid tight, restrictive clothing
Avoid extreme hear/ cold
Observe bleeding precautions
Regular blood test
Genetic testing
Polycythemia Vera
what anemia has this Manifestation;
Ecchymosis
Petechiae
Nosebleeds
Bleeding gums
Black, tarry stool
hematuria
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
what anemia has this
Diagnosis;
Risk of injury: bleeding
Related to decreased number pf platelets
Risk for effective therapeutic regimen management
Related to possible frequent administration of platelets/ clotting factors
Fear
Related to hemorage from low platelet count
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
what anemia has this
Interventions Assessment;
Platelet vount
Ecchymosis
Petechiae/purpura
Frank bleeding
Nose bleeds
Bleeding gums
Black tarry stools
hematuria
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
what anemia has this
Intervenstion Actions;
Implement bleeding precautions
Minimize blood loss from lacerations or venepunture
Avoid intramuscular injections
Avoid rectal temperatures, enemas, suppositories, douches
Provide a safe nvironment
Unse minimal inflation when assesing blood presure
Minimize blood draws
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
what anemia has this Intervention Teaching;
Insturct patient / family on bleeding precautions
Intruct the patient to avoid sexual intercourse when the platelet count is less than 50,000/mm
Necessity of frequent CBCs, laboratory tests
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
what anemia has this
Outcome;
Prevent hemorrage
Provide suppportive care and treat the underlying condition
Thrombocytopenia- Hemophilia
