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ZOEY NUR 111 Unit 3 > Unit 3 ANEMIAS chapters > Flashcards

Unit 3 ANEMIAS chapters Flashcards

1
Q

what is cobalamin

A

when the body has inadequate sources of vitamin b12 or malabsorption disorders.

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2
Q

what deficiency impairs

RBC production, with a resulting decrease in tissue perfusion

A

vit b12

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3
Q

what is only found in meat products

A

B12

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4
Q

What its required for normal function if the CNS, RBC, REGULATION OF DNA

A

B12

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5
Q

what anemia has this diagnostic test

CBC

Physical examination

MMA level ( methyl malonic acid)

Gastrin levels

Intrinsic factors levels

Schillings test- radio nuclear 24 hr urine test

A

b12

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6
Q

what anemia has these At-Risk Groups

Gastrointestinal restrictions

Autoimmune disorders

Chrones disease

Celiac desiease

Medication that decreases gastric secreations

Low socioechonomic satus

vegan

A

b12

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7
Q

what anemia has these Medications?

injections

Oral supplementation

A

B12

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8
Q

what anemia has this Diet Teaching

Animal protiens

Meat

Seafood

Eggs

Dairy products

A

b12

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9
Q

what anemia has this Complications

Impairs DNA synthesis and RBC production

Orthostatic hypotension

A

b12

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10
Q

In what anemia is “blank” needed for DNA synthesis & maturation of heme?

A

folic acid

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11
Q

what anemia has this Diagnostic Test

CBC

Serum folate levels- a fasting blood test

RBC folate level

Increased Serum MMA- best test to diagnose this deficiency

Homocysteine levels- best test to diagnose this deficiency

A

FAD

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12
Q

what anemia has these At-Risk Groups

Pregant woman

Children 1>

Older adults with chronic iilness

Alchoholics

Extreme diets

Rheumatoid arthritis patients who take methotrexate

Patiets on hemodialysis

A

FAD

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13
Q

what anemia has this Medication

Fortified cerial and grains

Oral supplementation

A

FAD

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14
Q

what anemia has this
Diet Teaching

Green leafy vegatables

Bran

Yeast

Legumes

nuts

A

FAD

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15
Q

what anemia has this Complications

During pregnancy= fetal neural tube defects, congenetal orofacial abnormalities

Spinabifeda, cleft palate and lip, neural tube defects

nterefere with th eformation of heme

Increase immune dysfunction

Impair thrmoregulation

In pregnancy= low birth weight, preterm labor, post partum mortality

Infant born with neuro tube defects or oreo facial abnormalities

A

FAD

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16
Q

what anemia Develops due to bone marrow depression or damage

Aquired secondary to infetions like hepatitis & HIV

A

Aplastic anemia

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17
Q

what anemia has this Diagnostic Test

CBC- reveal pancytopenia, decreased reticulocyte, WBC, platelet counts.

Coagulation test- due to the potential for thrombocytopenia

Iron levels

Hemoglobin electrophresis

A

Aplastic anemia

18
Q

wich anemia has this At-Risk Groups

20-25

Older than 60

Males in asia

A

Aplastic anemia

19
Q

what anemia has this Medication

Blood transfusion- primary treatment

Bone marrow transplant from an HLA- matched sibiling doner

Stimulating bone marrow production with neupogen,epogen

Over 60yrs immunosuppresive therapy is perfered

A

aplastic anemia

20
Q

what anemia has this Complications

70% mortality rate

Hemorrhage & infection due to decreased platelets and WBC

Risk of GVD due to bone marrow transplant

A

aplastic anemia

21
Q

what anemia has this outcome?

Stable cbc and platelets counts, with the absence of infection and bleeding

A

aplastic anemia

22
Q

what anemia has this etiology?

Hereditary disorder that leads to hemolysis when the patient is exposed to specific food, medication, stress, infections

A

G6PD

23
Q

what anemia has this diagnostic testing?

CBC

Reticulocyte count

Blood smear analysis for Heinz bodies

DNA testing & sequencing

A

G6PD

24
Q

what anemia has this
At-Risk Groups

Blacks

Men

A

G6PD

25
Q

what anemia has this Medication

Prevention- avoid foods and medications that cause hemolysis

Blood transfusion-

Folic acid

Splenectomy- enlarged spleen due to frequent episodes of hemolysis

A

G6PD

26
Q

what anemia has this Complications

Splenomegaly- elevated numbers of lysed RBS circulating through the spleen

Anemia

Kidney damage

Newborns

     * Bilirubin brain disorder  
               * Kernicterus 
           * Jaundice
A

G6PD

27
Q

what anemia has

An increase in the production of RBCs

Disorder of the bone marrow in wich there is an increase production of RBCs

A

Polycythemia vera

28
Q

what anemia occurs because of the bodys hypoxic state

High altitudes

Heavy smoke

A

secondary polycythemia vera

29
Q

what anemia causes a mutation of JAK 2?

A

polycythemia vera

30
Q

what anemia has this Diagnostic Test

complete history

Physical exam

CBC

Erythropoitein level

Blood semar

Bone marrow biopsy

Genetic testing

A

polycythemia vera

31
Q

what anemia has this At-Risk Groups

Men more than woman

60 yrs or older

Exposure to radiation

People inhigh altitutes

People inheavy smoke

A

polycythemia vera

32
Q

what anemia has this Medication

Therapeutic phlebotomy

350-500 mL a day

Radiation

To supress bone marrow

Antiplatelet medication

asprin

A

polycythemia vera

33
Q

what anemia has this Diet Teaching

Quit smoking

Avoid extreame temperatures

Guard against injury and drinking

Drink 3 L of fluid a day

Avoid tight clothing

A

polycythemia vera

34
Q

what anemia has this Complications

Thombosis

Leads to pulmonary infraction

Hemorage

Gatrointestinal hemorage

Acute myelogenous anemia

Heart failure

A

polycythemia vera

35
Q

which anemia runs the risk of hemorage because of

Reduced number of platelets

Below avarage range 150,00-450,000

an is a complication of other disorders

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

36
Q

what anemia is a hereditary disorder carried by females on the X chromosome

but manifestation occures only in males

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

37
Q

what anemia has this etiology?

Decreased production of platelets by the bone marrow or increased platelet distruction

Malignacy

Infections

Certain medications

Autoimmune disease

Viral infection or immunisation inchildren

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

38
Q

what anemia has this Diagnostic Test

CBC

Bone marrow biopsy

PPT

Clotting facotors

Blood smear

Thrombin time

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

39
Q

what anemia has these At-Risk Groups

Children

*.As a viralinfection

Pragnacy

*Low platelet count may develop in 3rd trimester aka gastational thrombocypenia

African decent

obease

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

40
Q

what anemia has this Medication

Glucocorticoids

Increase platelet count

splenectomy

Splene is the primary cite of platelet distruction

Replace missing clotting factors

Stop heparin administration

Do not use warfarin

Approved annticuagolents

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

41
Q

what anemia has this Complications

Risk of hemorage

A

Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia

ZOEY NUR 111 Unit 3 (8 decks)

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