Unit 3

Question 1

are products of biological functions and processes and owes his ability for
complex behavior adjustments to his nervous system.

Answer 1

Human Being

Question 2

another biological process in
determining the behavior of a human being.

Answer 2

Endocrine System

Question 3

controls all our bodily activities and behavioral responses.

Answer 3

Nervous System

Question 4

basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system.

Answer 4

Neuron or nerve cell

Question 5

central portion with a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell
membrane

Answer 5

Cell body or Cyton

Question 6

short branching processes whose function is to receive nerve
impulses and carry them toward the cell body.

Answer 6

Dendrites

Question 7

elongated strand with one or several formations at the far end called
end brush.

Answer 7

Axon

Question 8

carry messages or nerve impulses from the sense
organ toward the brain.

Answer 8

sensory or afferent neurons

Question 9

carry messages or nerve impulses away from the brain.

Answer 9

Motor or Efferent Neurons

Question 10

carry messages or
nerve impulses within the brain.

Answer 10

Inter-neurons, Connector Neurons or Association Neurons

Question 11

states that it is either that neuron reacts or not at all, but if it
does react, it reacts with fullest strength.

Answer 11

All or Nothing Law

Question 12

states that impulses travel only in one direction from
neuron to neuron.

Answer 12

Law of Dynamic Polarity

Question 13

consist of the brain and the spinal cord.

Answer 13

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 14

compose of all the nerve fiber that connect the
receptors to the central nervous system and which further connects the central nervous
system to the effectors.

Answer 14

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 15

house in the skull and the spinal cord is found in the vertebral column.

Answer 15

Brain

Question 16

consists of the cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus.

Answer 16

Forebrain

Question 17

most complex and largest part of the brain and
considered as the seat of consciousness.

Answer 17

Cerebrum

Question 18

found right on top of the midbrain and serves as a relay
center of the impulses being sent to the brain areas.

Answer 18

Thalamus

Question 19

keeps the balance of different body systems mainly
because of its close involvement with the endocrine system which releases
hormones inside the body. Seat of emotion

Answer 19

Hypothalamus

Question 20

serves as the bridge between the hindbrain and the forebrain. It is also
involved in auditory and visual activities.

Answer 20

Midbrain

Question 21

composed of the pons, medulla oblongata and the cerebellum. It is
connected to the spinal cord.

Answer 21

Hindbrain

Question 22

made up mostly of the nerve fibers running from one part of
the brain to the others

Answer 22

Pons

Question 23

regulates the involuntary muscles responsible for
our heartbeat, rate of breathing or respiration, swallowing and movements of
the stomach and intestine.

Answer 23

Medulla Oblongata

Question 24

little brain. It enables us to learn and develop our habits
and skills. It regulates our tongue and jaw movements during speech.

Answer 24

Cerebellum

Question 25

long and stem-like structure running down the vertebral column. It is composed of nerves that lead to and from the brain.

Answer 25

Spinal Cord

Question 26

covers the 12 pairs of cranial nerves, which are distributed in the head region and 31 pairs of spinal nerves, which are distributed in the body region. These nerves have sensory and motor functions which make it possible for the brain and spinal cord to communicate with the whole body. It is responsible for the voluntary skeletal movements like sensing and movements of the arm and legs and the whole body.

Answer 26

Somatic Nervous System

Question 27

31 pairs of spinal nerves

Answer 27

Cervical (neck) – 8 pairs Thoracic region – 12 pairs Lumbar region – 5 pairs Sacral region – 5 pairs Coccygeal region – 1 pair

Question 28

12 pairs of cranial nerves

Answer 28

Olfactory – nose Optic – eyes Oculo-motor – eyes Trochlear – eyes Trigeminal – eyes, jaw, cheek, tongue Abducent – eyes Facial – face and forehead Glossopharyngeal – tongue and pharynx Vagus – neck, thorax and abdomen Accessory – pharyngeal and laryngeal muscle Hypoglossal – tongue Vestibule-cochlear – ears

Question 29

composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. This division of the nervous system is responsible for all involuntary movements within the body that keep us alive.

Answer 29

Autonomic or Visceral Nervous

Question 30

covers the activities of the internal organs within the thoracic-lumbar regions. It activates and speeds up life activities. It leads to increased adrenaline secretion by the adrenal gland that is needed for threatening or emergency situations.

Answer 30

Sympathetic

Question 31

covers the cranial sacral regions. It slows down the life activities. It restores the body-stored energy thus calming down the body after resolving a stressful and emergency situations.

Answer 31

Parasympathetic

Question 32

involved with the process of maintaining the biochemical equilibrium in the body or homeostasis

Answer 32

Endocrine Gland or Ductless gland

Question 33

also known as the master gland. It secretes a number of hormones that affect the activities of almost all the endocrine glands.

Answer 33

Pituitary Gland

Question 34

also known as the gland of childhood. It controls the activity of the reproductive organs. It secretes the hormone melatonin.

Answer 34

Pineal Gland

Question 35

butterfly-shaped gland. It secretes thyroxine and idothyroxine which affect growth and metabolism.

Answer 35

Thyroid Gland

Question 36

pea-shaped gland. It secretes parathormone which controls the calcium level in the blood.

Answer 36

Parathyroid Gland

Question 37

also called the gland of babyhood. It keeps an individual childish. It secretes thymosin. This gland helps in building up the immune system of the body

Answer 37

Thymus Gland

Question 38

has two division; the adrenal cortex – which secretes cortin or adrenal androgens and adrenal medulla – which secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline.

Answer 38

Adrenal Gland

Question 39

are small bodies made up of clusters of special cells scattered all over the pancreas.

Answer 39

Islets of langerhans

Question 40

Types of Endocrine Glands

Answer 40

Pituitary Gland Pineal Gland Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Thymus Gland Adrenal Gland Islets of Langerhans Gonads/Sex Glands