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AP bio > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Cells harvest chemical energy stored in organic molecules and use it to generate ATP

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2
Q

Major Source of Fuel for animals

A

Starch (broken down into glucose)

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3
Q

Oxidation of glucose

A

transfers electron to a lower energy state, releasing energy to use in ATP synthase

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4
Q

Oxidation

A

lose electrons

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5
Q

Reduction

A

gain electrons

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6
Q

Cellular Respiration Formula

A

Glucose +Oxygen = CO2 + H2O + energy

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7
Q

Path of Electrons in energy harvest

A

glucose -> NADH -> ETC -> Oxygen

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8
Q

Oxidative Phosphorylation

A

ETC and chemiosmosis

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9
Q

Site of Glycolysis

A

cytosol

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10
Q

Cite of the Citric Acid Cycle

A

Matrix

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11
Q

Chemiosmosis

A

ATP synthase: H+ gradient creates energy

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12
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

ATP using ETC without oxygen

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13
Q

Fermentation

A

ATP without ETC: extension of glycolysis with recycled NAD+

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14
Q

Alcohol Fermentation

A

pyruvate converted to ethanol

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15
Q

Lactic Acid Fermentation

A

pyruvate reduced directly by NADH to form lactate

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16
Q

Photosynthesis

A

solar energy to chemical energy

17
Q

ototrophs

A

use photosynthesis

18
Q

stromata

A

pores where CO2 and O2 enter and exit

19
Q

grana

A

stacked colums of chlorophyll

20
Q

stroma

A

fluid in chloroplasts

21
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

6Co2 + 6H20 + light energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2

22
Q

Colors best absorbed by chlorophyl

A

red & blue wavelengths (least in green)

23
Q

Photosytem II wavelength

A

680

24
Q

Photosytem I wavelength

A

700

25
Q

Redox Process

A

Photosynthesis is this: H2O is oxidized and CO2 is reduced

26
Q

The electron donor in Photosynthesis

A

H20

27
Q

Calvin Cycle

A

Builds sugar using ATP and the reducing power of electrons carried by NADPH

28
Q

3 phases of the Calvin Cycle

A
  1. Carbon Fixation (catalyzed by rubisco, uses ATP)
  2. Reduction
  3. Regeneration of the CO2 acceptor (RuBP)

AP bio (7 decks)

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