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AP bio > Final Studying > Flashcards

Final Studying Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What enzymes are made of

A

proteins

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2
Q

Primary structure

A

sequence of amino acids and peptide bonds: not functional

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3
Q

Secondary Structure

A

folding and coiling
Alpha helix and Beta sheet
still not functional

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4
Q

Tertiary Structure

A

Overall 3d shape
minimizes free energy

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5
Q

Quaternary Structure

A

Interactions between multiple polypeptides

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6
Q

PH to enzymes

A

adds and removes h+
disrupts bonds, 3d shape, attractions between amino acids, and 2 and 3 degree structure

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7
Q

Nucleus

A

contains nucleolus
nuclear envelope:double membrane
pore complex

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8
Q

Nucleolus

A

produces ribosomes

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9
Q

Ribosomes

A

carries out protein synthesis
in the cytosol and attached to Rough ER

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10
Q

Smooth ER

A

synthesis and transport of lipids throughout cell
detoxifies drugs

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11
Q

Rough ER

A

folds and transports proteins

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12
Q

Golgi Body

A

receives, sorts, and ships proteins

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13
Q

Lysosomes

A

digest damaged organelles and help digest macromolecules in animal cells

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14
Q

Vacuoles

A

storage
food vacuoles
contractile vacuoles
central vacuole: storage of inorganic ions

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15
Q

Mitochondria

A

generates ATP

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16
Q

Chloroplast

A

photosynthesis

17
Q

peroxisome

A

converts hydrogen peroxide to h2o

18
Q

hypertonic

A

more solute

19
Q

hypotonic

A

less solute

20
Q

isotonic

A

equal solute

21
Q

Osmolarity

A

the number of solute particles in a solution

22
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

glucose + oxygen -> co2 + h2o + ATP

23
Q

glycolysis

A

c6h12o6 + 6o2 -> 6co2 + 6h2o + ATP

24
Q

Carbohydrate

A

CHO 1:2:1
monosaccharides
energy and building material

25
Q

Lipids

A

1:2:very few
Fatty acids and glycerol
long term energy & storage
hydrophobic

26
Q

Proteins

A

CHON (s)
amino acids
enzymes, tissue, transport

27
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

CHONP
nucleotides
stores genetic info

28
Q

altruistic behavior

A

reduces individual fitness but increases fitness of recipient

29
Q

agonistic behavior

A

threatening & submissive behavior

AP bio (7 decks)

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