unit 3

Question 1

fatty tissue that surrounds and protects the axon and speeds up electrical impulses

Answer 1

myelin sheath

Question 2

a disease that disrupts the flow of info in the brain and from the brain to body

results in loss of muscle control

caused by degeneration of the myelin sheath which makes it difficult for neurons to transmit messages

Answer 2

multiple sclerosis

Question 3

neurons that act as a middle man between other neurons allow efferent and afferent neurons to communicate

Answer 3

interneurons

Question 4

imbalance of electrical charge that exists between the inside and outside of the neuron when it isn’t being used

in this state neuron is polarized( inside is negatively charged outside is positive

Answer 4

resting potential

Question 5

a specific charge that must be reached inside of the axon before the neuron can fire an action potential

Answer 5

threshold

Question 6

the firing of the neuron

brief electrical impulses that travels down the axon

if threshold isn’t net it can’t be triggered

Answer 6

action potential

Question 7

speeds up the action potential down the axon

Answer 7

myelin sheath

Question 8

once the neighboring neuron receives the message the neurotransmitters are reabsorbed back into the axon of the sending neuron

Answer 8

reuptake

Question 9

a chemical messenger that send messages between neurons

Answer 9

neurotransmitter

Question 10

the small gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another

Answer 10

synapse or synaptic gap

Question 11

-regulates mood
-involved in sleep/wake cycle
-regulates appetite

deficit
-depression
-increased anxiety
-ocd

Answer 11

serotonin

Question 12

reward and motivation
-released when we experience or anticipate something pleasurable

muscle control a deficit can cause parkinson’s disease

too much of this can cause schizophrenia

Answer 12

dopamine

Question 13

chemical messengers released from endocrine glands that influence the nervous system to regulate behavior

Answer 13

hormones

Question 14

a research design in which individuals typically of different ages or developmental levels are compared at a single point in time

Answer 14

cross sectional design study

Question 15

a type of memory loss that occurs when you can’t form new memories

Answer 15

anterograde amnesia

Question 16

study of mental processes such as attention language use memory perception problem solving creativity and reasoning

Answer 16

cognitive psychology

Question 17

process involving persistent strengthening of synapses that leads to a long lasting increase in signal transmission between neurons

Answer 17

long term potentiation

Question 18

the brains ability to modify change and adapt both structure and function throughout life and in response to experience

Answer 18

neuroplasticity

Question 19

stretches throughout every part of the body it delivers info from your senses to ur brain and carry commands from brain to muscles so you can move around

Answer 19

somatic nervous system

Question 20

conserves the body’s natural activity and relaxes the individual once an emergency has passed

decreased arousal

Answer 20

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 21

class of drugs typically used as antidepressants

Answer 21

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or SSRIs