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AP Psychology > Unit 2b > Flashcards

Unit 2b Flashcards

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1
Q

brain stem

A

lower part of brian
connects the cerebrum w/ spinal cord
regulates autonomic nervous system
medulla, PONS, thalamusm cerebellum

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2
Q

medulla

A

base of brainstem
responsible for life maintaing proceses such as breathing and heartbeat
rriggers vomitting and sneezing

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3
Q

cerebellum

A

behind top portion of brainstem
fine motor control (handwriting, coordination, posture and balance)
damage can cause balance, coordinaton and spacial awareness difficulties
helps w/ learning and rememberins skills
alchohol has significant affect on it

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4
Q

reticular activating system

A

controls arousal and consciousness
damage can cause coma

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5
Q

limbic system

A

borders brain stem
behaviors related to emotions, motivation, encoding of memories, and smell
amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus

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6
Q

thalamys

A

sits on top of brain stem
brains sensory control center
incoming senroy info is received her and sent to cortex for processessing

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7
Q

hypothalamus

A

regulastes the autonomic nervous system
monitors and regulates body temp, hunger, thirst, and sexual resposes
hormomes alert it of bodily states

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8
Q

hippocampus

A

helps store info into long term memnory
stores spatial memory
one of 1st regions affected by alzheimers

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9
Q

amygdala

A

processes emotions, especialy fear and aggression
triggers fight or flight
damage can cause peeps to lose their snse of fear, cause agression, or make them very passive
helps read others emotions
store memories form emotional situations

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10
Q

PONS

A

connects spinal cord to brain
involved in automatic processes, especially the sleep wake cycle

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11
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

judgement, planning, reasoning, problem solving, and personality
helps with moral judgement
people w/ damge can lose thir moral compass

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12
Q

motor cortex

A

located in the rear of frontal lobes
controls voluntary movement

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13
Q

brocas area

A

involved in speech production
located in left frontla lobe next to motor cortex

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14
Q

brocas aphasia

A

difficulting in producing speech and written language

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15
Q

frontal lobe

A

motor cortex
prefrontal cortex
brocas area

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16
Q

cerebral cortex

A

outer layer of brian
involved in complex functions such as thought, awareness, memory, language and consiousness
divided by left and right hemispheres

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17
Q

parietal lobes

A

procsses sensorty signlas
helps with spacial oreintation
somatosensoty cortex
top of brain

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18
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

located in parietal lobes
registeers and processes body tough and movement sensations
sits behind motor cortex

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19
Q

temporal lobes

A

involved in hearing, language processing, and memory
connected to limbic system
storage of long-term memories
primary auditory cortex
wernickes area
sides of brain

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20
Q

primary auditory cortext

A

in temporal lobe
main site of auditory perception and processing

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21
Q

wernickes area

A

comprehension and understanding of written and spoken language

22
Q

wernickes aphasia

A

difficulting expressing and understading written and spoken words
sentences produced are disorganizewd and lack meaning

23
Q

right fusiform gyrus

A

allows people to recognize human faces

24
Q

prospognasia

A

unable to recognize faces

25
Q

occipital lobes

A

processes visual info from eyes
back of brain
develops first

26
Q

corpus callosum

A

Large band of neural fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres
Allows both hemispheres to communicate with each other

27
Q

plasiticity

A

brains ability to change buy reorganzing after damage by building new pathways based on experience
easiest during childhood

28
Q

neurogenesis

A

formation of new neurons
only occurs in memory and smell

29
Q

left hemisphere

A

control and sensory processing of right side of body
speech, language, and comprehension
math calculations
time and sequencing
recongition of words, letters and numbers

30
Q

right hemishepre

A

sensory processing and control of left side of body
soatual ability
modulating speech
recognizing faces, places and objects
perceiving and expressing emotion

31
Q

EEG

A

records brains electrical activity
helps idetify seizures and abnormaliities

32
Q

fMRI

A

examines brain by measuring blood flow and oxygen use to certain regions

33
Q

split brain

A

Have the corpus callosum cut
Left and right hemispheres no longer can communicate with each other
Used to treat severe epilepsy

34
Q

circadiam rhuthm

A

Biological rhythms that concur once every 24 hrs; sleep-wake cycle

35
Q

hormone that causes sleep

A

melotonin

36
Q

NREM 1

A

5-10 min
brain waves slow down
heartrate slows, body relaxes, muscles may twitch

37
Q

NREM 2

A

10-30 min
rapid burst of brain waves
breathing regulates, body temp drops, new memories form, short dreas
50% of sleep at night

38
Q

NREM 3

A

20-40 min
slow brain waves
muscles relax, body starts physical repairs, shirt dreans
deep sleep

39
Q

REM

A

10-50 min
very fast waves
bdoy is relazed, eyes move rapidly, vivid and long freams

40
Q

how many times sleep sycle per night

A

4-6

41
Q

sleep deficit

A

sick easier
increase appetite (ghrelin)
increases stress hormone: cortisol
driver fatigue
high bp, stress, depression, irritability

42
Q

dream consolidation theory

A

we dream bc its brains way of consolidating memories and events while we sleep

43
Q

why we dream: physiological

A

neural ability provides periodic simulation of the brianw

44
Q

why we dream: cognative development

A

dramatize wishes, fears and concens

45
Q

lucid dream

A

when you know you are deaming while u are aleep
control how dream unfolds

46
Q

manifest

A

sites, sounds, and storyline of freamla

47
Q

latent

A

unconsiouss drives and wishes, symbolism of fream

48
Q

insomnia

A

the inability to fall asleep and stay asleep

49
Q

narcolepsy

A

prevents a person from choosing when to wake or sleep.

50
Q

night terrors

A

times of screaming or crying, intense fear, and sometimes waving arms and legs when not fully awake.

51
Q

sleep apnea

A

sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts.

52
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

act out vivid, often unpleasant dreams with vocal sounds and sudden, often violent arm and leg movements during REM sleep

AP Psychology (7 decks)

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