🧪 | Unit 2 | Purification Flashcards
What is a solute?
The solid that is dissolved in the solvent.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is the liquid that the solute is dissolved in.
What is a solution?
A mixture of the solvent and the solute.
What is a saturated solution?
A solution that is at its maximum capacity and cannot dissolve anymore solute.
Which equipment is used to measure liquids very accurately?
Burette
Which equipment can only measure exactly 25ml?
Volumetric pipette
What is filtration used for separating?
For separating an insoluble solute from a solvent.
What is crystallisation used for separating?
For separating a soluble solute from a solvent.
What is simple distillation used for separating?
For separating a liquid from a soluble solute.
What is fractional distillation used for separating?
For separating many different liquids with different boiling points
What is chromatography used for separating?
For separating liquids with different solubilities.
What is the retention factor?
A unique value that each compound has.
How to calculate the Rf value?
Distance travelled by compound
____________________________________
Distance travelled by solvent
How can you separate colourless substances using chromatography?
Use a locating agent and apply it to the chromatogram
What is heating with carbon method used for?
For purifying metals that are less reactive than carbon
Example of heating with carbon method of purification
The blast furnace
What is coke?
Coke is a pure source of carbon.
It is heated with impure metals in a blast furnace
to purify metals
Why is limestone added in the blast furnace
when purifying metals?
To remove any acidic impurities
What is slag?
Slag is the waste that is separated from metals when they are being purified.
