Unit 2: Part 1F: Parts in the Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
Cerebral Cortex
makes us humans; wrinkly surface of the brain; covers the lower levels; 20-23 billion neurons; 300 trillion synaptic conncetions
Glial Cells
protect and hold together
Corpus Callosum
connects the two hemispheres
Frontal Lobe
executive functioning; most advanced cognitive abilities (reasoning, planning, judgement)
Prefrontal Cortex
associated with the frontal lobe; assists in judgement, planning, and processing new memories
Parietal Lobe
concerned with stimuli; related to touch, taste, pressure, temperature, and pain; visual layout of your body/body position; mapping out visual world; includes the somatosensory cortex
Occipital Lobe
rear of the brain; visual processing; Visual Cortex (eyes in the back of your head)
Temporal Lobe
involved with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli (hearing); Auditory Cortex (hearing)
Motor Cortex
frontal lobe; control voluntary movements; opposite sides controlled by brain (left hemisphere controls right side of brain and vice versa)
Somatosensory Cortex
front edge of parietal lobe; registers and processes touch and movement sensations
Cerebral Cortex and Reading
Step 1: Visual Cortex - sees what’s written
Step 2: Angular Gyrus - transforms visual input into language (inner voice)
Step 3: Wernicke’s Area - interprets auditory stimuli/understand language
Step 4: Broca’s Area - controls Speech
Step 5: Motor Cortex - say the word
Wernicke’s Area
located in temportal lobe; damage - Wernicke’s Aphasia: can’t understand what’s said
Broca’s Area
located in frontal lobe; damage - Broca’s Aphasia: know what to say but can’t say it
Plasticity
the brain’s ability to change - especially during childhood - by reorganizing after damage or building new pathways based on experience
Neruogenesis
the brain’s ability to produce new neurons
Left Brain Hemisphere
Language Center (Broca’s Area, Wernicke’s Area), Logic, Reasoning, Math Calculcation
Right Brain Hemisphere
Visual Cortex (visual perception), Making Inferences, Orchestrate Self-Awareness, Recognizing Emotion, Recognizing Faces
Split Brain
Roger Sperry and Michael Gazzaniga
Dual Processing
unconscious + conscious
Parallel Processing
process well learned information/easy problems; can be unconscious: brain taking care of routine tasks
Sequential Process
process new information/difficult problems; focused attention on one thing at a time
