UNIT 2: Learning aim A, specific responsibilities of people who work in HSC settings

Question 1

discrimination

Answer 1

the practice of unfairly treating a person of group of people differently from other people or groups of people

Question 2

unfair discrimination

Answer 2

A. When someone is rude, hostile or offensive because they see them as being different.

Question 3

direct discrimination

Answer 3

When someone may appear to be supportive and friendly towards someone but may show disrespect for their ideas in a jokey way

Question 4

indirect discrimination

Answer 4

When a decision is made in a person’s favour because there is something different about them.

Question 5

positive discrimination

Answer 5

When a person is treated unfairly compared to someone else

Question 6

preventing discrimination

Answer 6

-Access: the environment can be adapted, for example by having wide corridors, ramps, disabled toilets, lifts, wide automatically opening doors, counters and signs at wheelchair level, no obstacles or clutter, hearing loops.
-Support: appropriate resources and information are provided in a wide range of formats and languages to reflect local cultures, with advocates, translators, interpreters and carers available to help.
-diet: there is choice for those with medical conditions, religious requirements or
cultural preferences.
-The use of advocacy services: someone, referred to as an advocate, can speak on behalf of someone else

Question 7

Anti-discriminatory legislation

Answer 7

Anti-discriminatory practice is a core value that guides the work of health and care professionals. It is based on the legal requirements outlined in the Equality Act 2010.

Citizens of Great Britain have legal protection through the courts.

Question 8

codes of practice

Answer 8

These are principles of good practice in care, established by the Care Sector Consortium.
There is a code of practice for all HSC professions:
General Medical Council (GMC)- doctors
Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC)- Nurses and midwives
(Health and Care Professions Council) HCPC- social workers, physios, occupational therapists, speech therapists, paramedics etc.

Question 9

Anti-discriminatory practice

Answer 9

Address own prejudices and adapt behaviour to meet clients’ needs.
Understand and meet the needs of all service users.
Celebrate the contribution that a diverse range of people can bring to society.
Actively challenge both intentional and unintentional discrimination against clients and patients.
Ensure that the setting is a welcoming and accessible environment for all.
Compensate for the negative effects of discrimination in society.

Question 10

Empowering individuals

Answer 10

a process through which people gain greater control over decisions and actions affecting their health” and should be seen as both an individual and a community process

definition by the book:
Empowerment is supporting people to take control of their lives and futures by taking a full part in discussions and decisions about their care and treatment.

Question 11

How can individuals be empowered?

Answer 11

Promoting individualised care
Promoting and supporting individuals rights to dignity and independence
Providing active support consistent with the beliefs, cultures and preferences of service users
Supporting individuals who need health and social care services to express their needs and preferences
Promoting the rights, choices and well being of individuals who use HSC services and balancing their rights with those of other service users and staff.
Dealing with conflict in HSC settings

Question 12

Domiciliary care

Answer 12

Care provided in service user’s own home (district nurses home care workers and health visitors)

Question 13

Informal care

Answer 13

care and support provided by relatives and friends (normally unpaid and in addition to care provided by professional health and care providers).

Question 14

Individualised care

Answer 14

care provision tailored to meet the particular and specific needs of each service user.

Question 15

Self-esteem

Answer 15

A person’s sense of self-respect; the confidence a person has in their own worth and value.

Question 16

There may be a conflict between:

Answer 16

The equally valid preferences of one service user and that of another(choice of music, leisure time activities in sitting room)
The client’s right to choice and protecting their personal safety(dementia patient wishing to live independently)
The different rights that service users have e.g right to confidentiality and right to protection from harm in case where service user discloses incidents of sexual or physical abuse.
The respect for cultural or religious values of service user and promoting their health and well being (Jehovah’s witnesses do not believe in blood transfusions while it may be essential for their own or their children’s survival.

Question 17

What is the lone workers’ policy?

Answer 17

For domiciliary care workers
- specific guidance for dealing with any situation where they may feel vulnerable
- in situations of conflict and aggressive behaviour

Question 18

How can HSC professionals deal with disclosures?

Answer 18

-Listen carefully and attentively
-Communicate at their pace
-Take them seriously
-Reassure and support them
-Unconditional acceptance
-Boundaries of confidentiality
-Follow correct procedures

Question 19

Safeguarding

Answer 19

Part of safeguarding is keeping personal information confidential.
Each HSC organisation will have a safeguarding policy to outline the procedure when a disclosure is made.
Confidentiality should never be promised as the information must be passed on to the safeguarding officer who will deal with the concerns.

Question 20

How can a risk assessment be carried out?

Answer 20

-Identify the hazards at the setting, or in carrying out an activity.
-Identify those at risk, including service users, staff volunteers and other visitors.
-Evaluate the level of risk- usually rated on a scale of 1-4, with 1 being the lowest level of risk
-Identify ways to limit the risk- this will include specific actions to minimise risk
-Review measures taken to minimise the risk.

Question 21

risk ratings

Answer 21

Risk rating =likelihood of risk x severity of the injury

1 or 2 - minimal risk
3 or 4 - low risk
6 or 8 - medium risk
9, 12 or 16 - high risk

Question 22

Reporting and recording accidents and incidents

Answer 22

RIDDOR 2013
Notifiable illnesses include:
Diphtheria, food poisoning, rubella (German measles), Tuberculosis.

Notifiable incidents occurring at work include:
Broken bones, serious burns and death.

Question 23

Why should there be a ‘Complaints procedure’?

Answer 23

Must for all care organisations as these are also checked when the setting is inspected
Complaints should not be regarded as purely negative activity but rather as a source of information that will help improve the service.

Question 24

complaints procedure

Answer 24

-Have their complaint dealt with swiftly and efficiently
-Have a proper and careful investigation of their concerns
-Know the outcomes of those investigations
-Have a judicial review of the facts , if they think the action or the decision is unlawful.
-Receive compensation if they have been harmed either physically or psychologically as a result of the situation about which they are complaining.

Question 25

How do HSC services provide effective & confidential communication?

Answer 25

-Follow the legislation- Data Protection Act 1998
-Abide by the legal and workplace requirements specified by codes of practice in health and social care settings
-Follow legal requirements while recording, storage and retrieval of medical & personal information
-Maintain confidentiality to safeguard service users
-Respect the rights of service users where they request confidentiality
-Follow appropriate procedures where disclosure is legally required.

Question 26

What is the Data protection act 1998

Answer 26

The Data Protection Act (1998) sets out the rules for many organisations which process and use personal information.

It applies to information: stored electronically on computers, mobile phones and on social media sites, as well as paper-based information.

It is against the law to have photographs of service users without their permission.

Question 27

What information about service users is required by HSC services?

Answer 27

Name
Address
DOB
Gender
Emergency contact details
Education & qualification
Employment history & work experience
National insurance number & tax code
Details of disability

Question 28

How do HSC services provide effective & confidential communication?

Answer 28

-Data Protection Act 1998
-Recording, storage and retrieval of medical & personal information
-Legal and workplace requirements specified by codes of practice in health and social care settings
-Maintaining confidentiality to safeguard service users
-Respecting the rights of service users where they request confidentiality
-Following appropriate procedures where disclosure is legally required.

Question 29

Maintaining confidentiality

Answer 29

It is the responsibility of all employees and volunteers to protect the confidentiality of service user’s information.

Any weaknesses spotted in the procedures should be flagged up and suggestions provided with confidence.

Question 30

Who are professionals in HSC accountable to?

Answer 30

Accountability to professional bodies
The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC)
The Health and Care Professions (HCPC)
General Medical Council (GMC)

Question 31

regulations

Answer 31

A regulation is a law which sets the standard of professional conduct required of people who work in health and social care settings.

Regulations are mandatory and must be followed by law.

Question 32

Codes of professional conduct

Answer 32

If a member is accused of failing to meet the standards set, this will be investigated
In extreme circumstances, the member may be removed from professional register and barred from professional practice.

Question 33

Whistleblowing

Answer 33

Regulations outline the formal procedures that will be used following a complaint or concern about qualifications or professional practice of members.

Regulations also include specific procedures to investigate unprofessional practice reported by professionals about their colleagues, known as whistleblowing.