Unit 2- Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Parts of GI systems and physiology

Answer 1

-Mouth
-Pharynx, or throat: control swallowing and breathing orchestra
-Liver: makes bile. Clears out ammonia, bili, cholesterol, hormones. Metabolize macromolecules. Store glucagon, bit and min. Makes albumin
-Pancreas: holds bile
-Esophageous: shoot down to stomach
-Stomach: breaks down protein with juices. NO ABSORPTION. Beats food up. Sterilizes germs.
-Small intestine: main site of absorption.
-Large intestine: absorbs water and site of Vit B12 and folic acid creation
-Rectum: storage for poops
-Anus: exit via backstage.

Question 2

GI assessment

Answer 2

-A&P:
* jaundice?
*Abd px, refered pain
Appendicitis: epigastric; RLQ McBurney’s point
Pancreatitis: epigastric
Cholithesis
*Last BM. Color, size, frequency. Red or black?
*sore throat
*difficulty swallowing
*Current medications: NSAIDS, aspirin, enemas

-PMH:
*family hx ex. CA
*substance use
*comorbities (IBS, IBD, CA)
*Diet, nutrition

Question 3

GI related Labs

Answer 3

Liver
* LFTs: AST, ALT
*Albumin
*WBCs

Pancreas
*Glucose
*Amylase
*Lipase

IBS, IBD, GI Bleeds
*H&H
*WBC
*eSED rate
*Folic acid & B12

Kidney
*BUN
*Cr
*Cr Clearance
*R/t LFTs

Question 4

Pancreatitis

Question 5

Hepatitis

Answer 5

LATTE
T: Hep A B C or D

Question 6

IBS

Question 7

IBD

Question 8

Liver, kidney, GI CA

Answer 8

LATTE
L
A: appetite changes, wt gain/loss, GI bleeds***

Question 9

Meds

Answer 9

-PPI: pantoprazole ???
-H2 Receptors: decrease acidity
-Mucosal protectors

Question 10

Cirrhosis

Answer 10

LATTE
L: jaundice, itchy. Confused r/t ammonia
A: hx of ETOH
T: LFTs, albumin, ammonia
E: ETOH harm

Question 11

Esophageal varices

Question 12

Hernias

Answer 12

-Hital hernia: stomach through intestine (naurrr)