Unit 2: Compartmentalization (Bozeman #17)

Question 1

Why are cells small and not infinitely small?

Answer 1

Small to increase surface area; not infinitely small because they wouldn’t be able to hold material inside

Question 2

Compare eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell size

Answer 2

Prokaryotes are significantly smaller than eukaryotes.

Question 3

If a cell is cut up, what happens to the surface area and volume?

Answer 3

The surface area gets larger and and volume stays the same

Question 4

Compartmentalization

Answer 4

• Different parts of the cell do specific jobs
• There are different parts of the cell that are smaller than others.

Question 5

Why is compartmentalization beneficial?

Answer 5

It allows specialization and also increases the surface area for the cell.

Question 6

What does the mitochondria do and where do scientists believe it came from?

Answer 6

mitochondria used to be bacteria on its own until it became part of our cells.

• Make ATP and help compartmentalization

Question 7

Cell folds increase the

Answer 7

surface area

Question 8

What are the two parts of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 8

rough and smooth

Question 9

has many folds and has ribosomes attached to it

Answer 9

rough ER

Question 10

has no ribosomes but is folded

Answer 10

smooth ER

Question 11

function of rough ER

Answer 11

make proteins

Question 12

function of smooth ER

Answer 12

• makes lipids & steroids
• responsible for metabolizing carbohydrates
• regulates the calcium ion concentration
• breaks down toxins in the cell.