Unit 2 Chemistry of Water

Question 1

What is water used in the body as?

Answer 1

• as a lubricant (ie. synovial fluid lubricates the joints)
• as a cushion, protects cells and organs from physical trauma (ie. cushioning the brain)
• as a heat sink; water stored in the body helps keep the body cool (ie. sweat)
• as a component of liquid mixtures

Question 2

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 2

• chemical reaction that involves one reactant giving up an atom of hydrogen and another reactant giving up hydroxyl (-OH)
  ie. ) OH + HO = H2O -> O

Question 3

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 3

• a chemical reaction that disrupts a compound, breaking its bonds.

Question 4

What is the average percentage of body mass of water in Men? Women? Infants? Elderly?

Answer 4

Men = 60%
Women = 50%
Infant = 75%
Elderly = 45%

Question 5

Name 2 types of extracellular fluid

Answer 5

Blood plasma - fluid component of blood

Interstitial fluid - surrounds all cells not in blood