Unit 2 Cellular Respiration Flashcards
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the word equation for the breakdown of ATP?
ATP-> ADP +Pi (+energy)
Why is ATP important for cells?
As it is the link between catabolic and anabolic reactions.
It provides the means for chemical energy to be transferred in a living cell
Do we have a vast store of ATP in the body?
No – as ATP is continuously being made at the same time as it is being used
Define phosphorylation:
Phosphorylation is an enzyme controlled reaction by which phosphate group is added to a molecule
Define cellular respiration:
Cellular respiration is a series of metabolic pathways that release energy from food and generate a high energy compound called ATP
What’s the basic word equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose +oxygen -> CO2+ H2O (+ATP)
Which stage of respiration produces CO2?
The citric acid cycle
Which stage of respiration produces water?
The electron transport chain
Which two stages of respiration require oxygen?
The electron transport chain and the citric acid cycle
Which stage of respiration does not require oxygen?
Glycolysis
What is glucose broken down to during glycolysis?
Pyruvate
Name the parts of the cell found within the mitochondria:
Outer membrane Inner membrane Matrix (fluid) Inter membrane space Cristae (1=crista)
In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur?
Cytoplasm of the cell
Where does the citric acid cycle take place within a cell?
In the matrix of the mitochondria
Where does the electron transport chain take place within a cell?
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Name two key enzymes involved in respiration?
ATP synthase
Dehydrogenase enzyme
What is NAD and what is its role in respiration?
NAD is a co-enzyme used to carry hydrogen to form NADH it is also used to transport hydrogen to the electron transport chain
What two stages of respiration produce NADH?
The citric acid cycle and glycolysis
What do we call the two stages of glycolysis?
Energy investment
Energy pay off
Why is the use of ATP in glycolysis considered to be an investment?
As it puts 2 ATP in at the beginning and gets 4 ATP back at the end making a net gain of 2ATP
How does NAD obtain hydrogen ions in glycolysis?
Dehydrogenase enzymes remove hydrogen ions from a substrate and pass them on to NAD to form NADH
Who discovered the citric acid cycle and what is it sometimes known as?
Hans Krebs
Krebs cycle
Why is the citric acid cycle called the citric acid cycle?
As acetal coenzyme A breaks down oxeloacetate into citrate
