Unit 2 + 3 Flashcards
what is the role of the golgi apparatus
involved in the process and packaging of proteins
role of lysosomes
its a digestive enzyme which digests worn out parts of the cell
what are the roles of a slime capsule
- stops the cell from drying out
- protects it from enzymes
why are viruses acellular
because they do not have a cellular structure
what is cell fractionation
when cells are broken up and their organelles are seperated because they have different densities
why is the solution for cell fractionation placed in cold water
it reduces enzyme activity
why is the solution for cell fractionation placed in an isotonic solution
it prevents the cell from shrinking or bursting
why is the solution for cell fractionation placed in a buffered solution
so the pH stays the same
what are some limitations to using a TEM
- may contain artefacts
- image is 2D
what is binary fission
how bacteria reproduce as it is an asexual process
what makes up the bilayer
phospholipids and protein
define active transport
the movement of particles from low to high concentration across a semi-permeable membrane
define osmosis
the movement of water from a high to low concentration against a semi permeable membrane
give 3 ways you can increase the rate of diffusion
- increase concentration gradient
- increase surface area
- change diffusion path
what are spiracles
microscopic holes in the body of insects which can open + close
what causes spiracles to open
a rise in CO2