Unit 12: Abnormal Psychology Flashcards
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
A chronic condition including attention difficulty, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness
Pychological disorder
Characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
DSM-5
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders; helps you classify if you have a disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder
Unexplainable and continually tense and uneasy, jittery, agitated, and sleep deprived, lack of concentration, disruptive
Panic disorder
Sudden episodes of intense dread, heart palpations, shortness of breath, choking sensations, trembling, dizziness
Phobias
Intensely and irrationally afraid of a specific object or situation; avoid the stimulus
Social anxiety disorder
Excessive and unreasonable fear of social situations; anxiety and self-consciousness arise from a fear of being closely watched, judged, and criticized by others.
Agoraphobia
Fear of places and situations that might cause panic, helplessness, or embarrassment
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder
Troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions; haunted by compulsive rituals so senselessly time-consuming; anal
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Lingering memories, nightmares and other symptoms for weeks after severely threatening, uncontrollable event
(Survivors of accidents, disasters, and violent and sexual assaults)
Causes of anxiety (learning)
When bad events unpredictably and uncontrollably occur, anxiety may develop
Causes of anxiety (biological)
Genes; anxiety gene affects levels of serotonin and glutamate
Mood disorders
characterized by emotional extremes; major depressive and bipolar
Major depressive disorder
Zero interest, weight loss/gain, insomnia, too much sleep, no energy, feelings of worthlessness
Mania
a state characterized by high energy levels and mood.
Bipolar disorder
Mood swings, over talkative, overactive, elated, no need for sleep, fewer sexual inhibitions, speech is loud, poor judgement
(Milder forms fuel creativity)
Causes of mood disorder (biological)
Genetic; increased chance of getting a mood disorder if parent or sibling has one
Causes of mood disorders (social-cognitive)
Negative thoughts and mood interactions, women have a higher chance
Schizophrenia
A group of sever disorders characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished or inappropriate emotional expression
Psychosis
A person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions
Delusions
False beliefs, often causes paranoia
Hallucinations
False sensory experiences; auditory and visual
Brain abnormalities
Dopamine overactivity; glutamine; frontal love and core brain activity slows down; fluid fill brain areas
Causes of schizophrenia (genetics)
Twins; flu during pregnancy
Somatic disorder
The symptoms take a somatic (bodily) from without apparent physical cause
Conversion
Experiences very specific genuine physical symptoms for which no physiological basis can be found
Illness anxiety disorder
Interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of disease
Dissociative disorder
Conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings
Dissociative fugue
when you go somewhere and do something but have no recollection of it
Dissociative identity disorder
Exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities (multiple personality disorder); unaware of other personalities
Dissociative amnesia
when you experience something traumatic and you tend to push the memories out of your mind
Anorexia nervosa
Maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight; feel fat; fear of being fat; obsessed with Laing weight; exercise excessively
Personality disorder
Characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
Cluster A
Schizoid
Schizoid
Struggle to form social relationships; lack emotion
Cluster b
Histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial
Histrionic
Dramatic, always demands attention
Narcissistic
Self-absorbed, confident
Antisocial
Lack of conscience for wrongdoing; aggressive; clever con artist; doesn’t talked the blame; lack empathy
Cluster c
Avoidant
Avoidant
Fearful sensitivity to rejection that predisposes with the withdrawn
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Selye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases - alarm, resistance, exhaustion
Health psychology
A subfield of psychology that provides Psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine
Psychoneuroimmunology
The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health
Stressors
Certain events that cause stress
Anxiety disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
