Unit 10

Question 1

A previously neutral stimulus change that functions as a punisher because of prior pairing with one or more punishers.

Answer 1

Conditioned punisher

Question 2

A previously neutral stimulus that has been paired a number of times with an established reinforcer and consequently functions as a reinforcer itself.

Answer 2

Conditioned reinforcer

Question 3

A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced

Answer 3

Discriminative stimulus

Question 4

An elementary verbal operant involving a response that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus that has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity with the response.

Answer 4

Echoic

Question 5

The process by which, when a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by the reinforcing consequences, the frequency of the behavior decreases in the future.

Answer 5

Extinction

Question 6

An increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.

Answer 6

Extinction burst

Question 7

A situation that occurs when the controlling antecedent stimulus and the response or response product (a) share the same sense mode (that is, both stimulus and response are visual, auditory, or tactile) and (b) physically resemble each other.

Answer 7

Formal similarity

Question 8

A response that results in the same reinforcing outcome as an alternative response. The response serves the same function as the alternative response.

Answer 8

Functionally equivalent

Question 9

A process in which the behavior occurs in the presence of antecedent stimuli that are similar in some way to the discriminative stimulus present when the behavior was reinforced.

Answer 9

Generalization

Question 10

An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus and that does not have point-to-point correspondence with that verbal stimulus.

Answer 10

Intraverbal

Question 11

An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by an MO and followed by specific reinforcement.

Answer 11

Mand

Question 12

The allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement. Rates of responding across choices are distributed in proportions that match the rates of reinforcement received from each choice alternative.

Answer 12

Matching law

Question 13

Behavior that is elicited, or induced, by antecedent stimuli.

Answer 13

Respondent behavior

Question 14

A behavioral effect associated with extinction in which the behavior suddenly begins to occur after its frequency has decreased to its pre-reinforcement level or stopped entirely.

Answer 14

Spontaneous recovery

Question 15

A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past.

Answer 15

Stimulus

Question 16

The conventional procedure requires one behavior and two antecedent stimulus conditions.

Answer 16

Stimulus discrimination training

Question 17

The emergence of accurate responding to untrained and nonreinforced stimulus-stimulus relations following the reinforcement of responses to some stimulus-stimulus relations.

Answer 17

Stimulus equivalence

Question 18

A procedure in which two stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeatedly for a number of trials, which often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus.

Answer 18

Stimulus-stimulus pairing

Question 19

A type of stimulus-to-stimulus relationship in which the learner, without prior training or reinforcement for doing so, demonstrates the reversibility of matched sample and comparison stimuli (e.g., A=B, then B=A).

Answer 19

Symmetry

Question 20

An elementary verbal operant evoked by a nonverbal discriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement.

Answer 20

Tact

Question 21

A derived (untrained) stimulus-stimulus relation (e.g., A=C, C=A) that emerges as a product of training two other stimulus-stimulus relations.

Answer 21

Transitivity