Unit 10 Flashcards
A previously neutral stimulus change that functions as a punisher because of prior pairing with one or more punishers.
Conditioned punisher
A previously neutral stimulus that has been paired a number of times with an established reinforcer and consequently functions as a reinforcer itself.
Conditioned reinforcer
A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced and in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced
Discriminative stimulus
An elementary verbal operant involving a response that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus that has point-to-point correspondence and formal similarity with the response.
Echoic
The process by which, when a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by the reinforcing consequences, the frequency of the behavior decreases in the future.
Extinction
An increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.
Extinction burst
A situation that occurs when the controlling antecedent stimulus and the response or response product (a) share the same sense mode (that is, both stimulus and response are visual, auditory, or tactile) and (b) physically resemble each other.
Formal similarity
A response that results in the same reinforcing outcome as an alternative response. The response serves the same function as the alternative response.
Functionally equivalent
A process in which the behavior occurs in the presence of antecedent stimuli that are similar in some way to the discriminative stimulus present when the behavior was reinforced.
Generalization
An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus and that does not have point-to-point correspondence with that verbal stimulus.
Intraverbal
An elementary verbal operant that is evoked by an MO and followed by specific reinforcement.
Mand
The allocation of responses to choices available on concurrent schedules of reinforcement. Rates of responding across choices are distributed in proportions that match the rates of reinforcement received from each choice alternative.
Matching law
Behavior that is elicited, or induced, by antecedent stimuli.
Respondent behavior
A behavioral effect associated with extinction in which the behavior suddenly begins to occur after its frequency has decreased to its pre-reinforcement level or stopped entirely.
Spontaneous recovery
A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past.
Stimulus
The conventional procedure requires one behavior and two antecedent stimulus conditions.
Stimulus discrimination training
The emergence of accurate responding to untrained and nonreinforced stimulus-stimulus relations following the reinforcement of responses to some stimulus-stimulus relations.
Stimulus equivalence
A procedure in which two stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeatedly for a number of trials, which often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus.
Stimulus-stimulus pairing
A type of stimulus-to-stimulus relationship in which the learner, without prior training or reinforcement for doing so, demonstrates the reversibility of matched sample and comparison stimuli (e.g., A=B, then B=A).
Symmetry
An elementary verbal operant evoked by a nonverbal discriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement.
Tact
A derived (untrained) stimulus-stimulus relation (e.g., A=C, C=A) that emerges as a product of training two other stimulus-stimulus relations.
Transitivity
