Unit 1 Section 4: Breathing

Question 1

Ventilation

Answer 1

Consists of Inspiration and Expiration. Controlled by the movements of the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and ribcage

Question 2

Inspiration

Answer 2

• intercostal muscles and Diaphragm contract
• Ribcage moves up and outwards, diagphragm flattens, increasing the volume of thorax lung pressure drops
• Air flows into the lungs
• Inspiration is an active Process requiring energy

Question 3

Expiration

Answer 3

• Intercotal muscles and diaphragm relax
• ribcage moves down and inwards, diaphragm curves, volume of thorax decreases, lung pressure increases
• air forced out of the lungs
• Expiration is Passive not requiring energy

Question 4

Air Flow & Pressure

Answer 4

Air always flows from high pressure to low pressure

Question 5

Spirometer

Answer 5

is a machine used to investigate breathing, it creates a SPIROMETER TRACE

Question 6

Tidal Volume(TV)

Answer 6

Volume of air in each breath, usually about 0.4dm³

Question 7

Vital Capacity

Answer 7

Maximum volum of air that can be breathed in or out

Question 8

Breathing Rate

Answer 8

How many breaths are taken per unit time

Question 9

Oxygen Uptake

Answer 9

the rate at which a person uses up oxygen

Question 10

volume of gas in chamber decreases because…

Answer 10

the air breathed out is a mixture of CO2 and oxygen, the soda lime absorbs the CO2 and so there is only oxygen in the chamber the subject is breathing from, as this gets used up in respiration the total volume decreases

Question 11

using the spirometer is dangerous because…

Answer 11

you’re continually breathing in the same air so you need to be sure there is enough oxygen in the chamber