Unit 1: Plant Cell Parts Flashcards
Cell membrane
Separates interior of cell from outside environment
Cell wall
Provides structural support and is a semi-permeable surface for molecules to enter and exit the cell
Plasmodesma
A very small channel that passes through through nearby cell walls of plant cells and allows transport and communication
Vacuole
Storage space for water, nutrients and waste products. Salts, minerals proteins and pigments stores help function in homeostasis. Also maintains cell turgor and structure
Tonoplast (part of vacuole)
Membrane surrounding the vacuole, keeps it acidic to break down food matter
Crystal
Protects cells from toxicity produced in the acidic metabolism process
Chloroplast
Chlorophyll captures light energy, converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis, then releases oxygen
Leucoplast
Stores carbohydrates, lipids and proteins
Chromoplast
Gives colour to flower petals, fruits, some roots, etc.
Golgi complex
Prepares proteins and lipids to be in other places in or out of the cell
Ribosome
Responsible for making proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth or rough. Produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function
Mitochondria
Generates most of the cell’s energy (ATP) through photosynthesis needed for biochemical reactions in the cell
Microtubule
Found in the cytoplasm, helps to maintain cell shape
Micro filament
Important role in cell movement, division and muscle contraction
Lysosome
Contains digestive enzymes that can break down excess/worn out cell parts or destroy viruses and bacteria
Microbody
Contains enzymes that break down fats, alcohols and amino acids. Also detoxes peroxides and is involved in photo respiration
Hyaloplasm
Stores calcium, synthesizes protein and steroids, metabolizes lipids
Nucleus
Where genetic information (DNA) is stored. Control centre of the cell.
Nuclear envelope
Provides structure to the nucleus and separates its contents from the cytoplasm
Nuclear pore
Regulates the transportation of molecules between nucleus and cytoplasm
