Unit 1: Page 19: Protocols

Question 1

What are protocols?

Answer 1

Protocols are the rules that define methods of communicating data between two or more digital devices.
They ensure that the transmission of data always follows a set procedure.

Question 2

What does TCP/IP stand for?

Answer 2

TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
IP: Internet Protocol

Question 3

How does the TCP/IP protocol work?

Answer 3

Data sent over the internet is broken up into ‘packets’ to enable it to be set more efficiently. Each paclet is sent individually, then reassembled at the destination.

Question 4

How does the TCP in the TCP/IP protocol work?

Answer 4

TCP is used to create the packets and reassemble them at the end.

Question 5

How does the IP in the TCP/IP protocol work?

Answer 5

IP is used to route packets to the destination using the IP address.

Question 6

List the three email protocols.

Answer 6

> SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
POP3: Post Office Protocol 3
IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol

Question 7

Describe SMTP

Answer 7

> Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
It is used to transfer emails between mail servers.
It is also used to transfer emails from the client software the outgoing mail server.

Question 8

Describe POP3

Answer 8

> Its used to retrieve emails from the mail server.
It allows us to download messages to our client software for offline reading.

Question 9

Describe IMAP

Answer 9

> Its used to retrieve emails from the mail server
Can be viewed in different systems
Rather than downloading the messages, IMAP syncs them with the mail server.

Question 10

List 3 voice and video protocols.

Answer 10

> H.323
SIP
RTP

Question 11

Describe H.323

Answer 11

> Was one of the first successful VOIP protocols and is recommended by the ITU.
It defines the rules for communicating audio and video over packet switched networks

Question 12

Describe SIP

Answer 12

> The Session Initiation Protocol is used to create, control and end VOIP connection.

Question 13

Describe RTP

Answer 13

> The Real-Time Transport Protocolis designed to transfer audio and video over IP-based network.

Question 14

List three web page protocols

Answer 14

> HTTP
HTTPS
FTP

Question 15

Describe HTTP

Answer 15

> Stands for HyperText Transfew Protocols
Used to allow web servers and browsers to transfer files over the internet.
It is how we access the World Wide Web

Question 16

Describe HTTPS

Answer 16

> The secure version of the standard HTTP
It uses public key cryptography to encrypt communication between a web browser and server.

Question 17

Describe FTP

Answer 17

> Stands for File Transfer Protocol
Used to transfer files over a network
It us the technology used to upload files to a server as well as to download large files.

Question 18

List two security protocols

Answer 18

> SSL: Secure Socket Layer
TLS: Transport Layer Security

Question 19

Describe SSL and TL

Answer 19

SSL and TLS are used to ensure that transactions are kept safe. SSL is gradually being phased out and replaces with TLS.