Unit 1: Organic Chemistry Reactions

Question 1

Addition rxn

Answer 1

Atoms from 1 molecule added to another – forms single molecule. Multiple alkene/alkyne bonds enable organic molecules to react with Hydrogen.

Question 2

Hydrogenation

Answer 2

Addition of Hydrogen saturates hydrocarbon. H2 atoms added to either side of double bond. Happens with alkenes, alkynes, or cyclic alkenes. Alkene or alkyne gains atoms from reacting molecule but doesn’t lose atoms.

Question 3

Halogenation

Answer 3

Addition rxns with halogens and halides. Br or CL reacts with alkene or alkynes. For alkene: makes an alkyl halide. For alkyne halogenation: make halogen alkene (excess halogen= alkyl halide)

Question 4

Hydrohalogenation

Answer 4

Hydrogen halide (HCL, HBR), reacts with alkene or alkyne. Result: Halogen + H2 atoms + halogenated alkene or alkyl halide

Question 5

Hydration

Answer 5

Water reacts with unsaturated hydrocarbon (Hydrocarbon + H20). Result: Alcohol (Hydroxyl group, -OH)

Question 6

Alkanes can undergo…

Answer 6

Combustion, Halogenation rxns

Question 7

Alkenes and Alkynes undergo

Answer 7

Hydrogenation, Halogenation, Hydrohalogenation, and hydration

Question 8

Alkene + water makes

Answer 8

Alcohol

Question 9

Alcohol rxns

Answer 9

Hydration, dehydration, and combustion

Question 10

Alkane ending

Answer 10

-ane

Question 11

Alkene ending

Answer 11

-ene

Question 12

Alkyne ending

Answer 12

-yne

Question 13

Alcohol ending

Answer 13

-ol

Question 14

Ether ending (middle) and then -ane

Answer 14

middle: -oxy

Question 15

Aldehydes formed by

Answer 15

Primary alcohol + (o)

Question 15

Ethers formed by

Answer 15

Alcohol + alcohol (result: ether + water)

Question 16

Aldehyde ending

Answer 16

-al

Question 17

Ketones formed by

Answer 17

Secondary alcohol + (o)

Question 18

Ketone ending

Answer 18

-one

Question 19

Only aldehydes make

Answer 19

Carboxylic acids

Question 20

Carbonyl group (aldehyde, ketones)

Answer 20

C=O

Question 21

Carboxyl group (carboxylic acids)

Answer 21

C–O-OH

Question 22

Hydroxyl group (alcohols)

Answer 22

O-H

Question 23

Functional groups:

Answer 23

Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amine

Question 24

Estrification (condensation)

Answer 24

Carboxylic acid + alcohol –> ester + water

Question 25

Carboxylic ending

Answer 25

-oic

Question 26

Aldehyde ending

Answer 26

-al

Question 27

Esters

Answer 27

COCO linkage

Question 28

Ethers

Answer 28

COC linkage

Question 29

Amines:

Answer 29

Alkyl halide + Ammonia

Question 30

Amines are

Answer 30

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary

Question 31

Amides can be

Answer 31

hydrolyzed to reform amine and carboxylic acid

Question 32

Amine ending

Answer 32

-amine

Question 33

Amides

Answer 33

Carboxylic acids + primary/secondary amines

Question 34

Amides contain a carbonyl group bonded to

Answer 34

Nitrogen atom

Question 35

Amide ending

Answer 35

-amide

Question 36

Carboxylic acid + amine

Answer 36

water + amide

Question 37

Amide rxns

Answer 37

Amide synthesis, hydrolyzation

Question 38

Amides can’t form with

Answer 38

Tertiary amines

Question 39

Amides hydroloyzed

Answer 39

Amide + H2 –> Amine + Carboxylic acid