6.2 Factors Affecting Rxn Rates Flashcards
Chemical properties affect the
_________ and _________ of a
substance in a chemical reaction
behaviour; reactivity
Higher concentration of reactants leads to
an _______ rate of reaction
increased
Higher concentration means that there are
more ________ molecules available to
_______ with each other
reactant; collide
Only atoms or ions at the surface of a substance react (as they interact with other reactants)
Therefore, if we cut or grind reacting substances into ________ pieces (creating more ______), we can _________ the rate of the chemical reaction
smaller; surfaces; increase
_______ is a measure of the average kinetic
energy of molecules
Temperature
The more ______ energy reacting molecules have, the _______ and further they will move (higher energy)
This leads to more ________ between reacting
molecules, allowing more reactant molecules to convert to _______
kinetic; faster; collisions; product
Catalyst
Substance that alters the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being permanently changed
Catalysts lower __________ ________ by providing
alternative mechanisms and transitions states
activation energy
__________ catalysts exist in a different state of
matter from the reactants, whereas __________ catalysts exist in the same physical state as the reactants
Heterogeneous; homogenous
biological catalyst
a catalyst made by a living system
When reactants are in different states of matter, an increase in reactant surface
area ________ the rate of a reaction.
increases
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(a) Copper metal will turn green over time.
nature of reactant
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(b) Milk can last several weeks when refrigerated, but will quickly sour at room temperature.
temperature
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(c) The dust in coal mines has been known to
explode, whereas whole chunks of coal are
difficult to ignite.
surface area
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(d) Magnesium metal is not used to make pipes.
nature of reactant
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(e) Zeolite is added to large-chain hydrocarbons,
causing them to break down into smaller, more
useful molecules. The zeolite is then removed
and reused.
catalyst
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(f) Hydrogen peroxide (3 %) purchased in the
drugstore is safe to put on open cuts. Hydrogen
peroxide (30 %) purchased for the lab can cause
very severe burns.
concentration
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(g) A glow stick will glow longer when placed in
the freezer.
temperature
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(h) Signs warn about the dangers of having sparks
or open flames near flammable fuels.
temperature
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(i) Flour mills ban smoking due to the high
probability of explosions.
surface area
In each example below, identify the factor that
affects the reaction rate.
(j) Phenylketonuria is a genetic disorder in
which the body cannot produce the enzyme
phenylalanine hydroxylase. People with
this disorder cannot digest phenylalanine, a
common amino acid.
catalyst
