Unit 1 intro to biology Flashcards
what is biology
the study of life
what are the characteristics of a living thing?
- composed of cells
- regulates its internal environment, takes in and uses energy, responds to environment (viruses are not alive)
- reproduce
- life is unicellular or multicellular
what is nomenclature
naming of all forms of life
what does a organisms name consists of
genus followed by species
(has to be underlined when written)
what is taxonomy
classification of organisms
how many organisms have already been named
1.8 million
how many species are estimated to be on earth
10-100 million
what is the order of classifications from largest to smallest
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
how many domains are there
3 domains
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
what are the characteristics of Bacteria
- microscopic organisms
- most are single celled
- have a simple organization
- cause infections
- live in soil, air, water
what are the characteristics of Archaea
- similar to bacteria
- single celled
- simple organization
not closely related to bacteria - live in extreme environments on earth
- don’t show to cause infection
what are the 4 kingdoms that Eukarya is broken into
- Protist (single celled organisms)
- Plantae (plants produce food using photosynthesis)
- Fungi (decompose wastes)
- Animalia (obtain food eating other organisms)
what are the characteristics of Eukarya
all organisms with complex cells
what is the order of Hierarchy of Organization from smallest to largest
- molecule
- organelle
- cell
- tissue
- organs and organ systems
- organisms
- population
- community
- ecosystems
- biosphere
define molecule
chemical structure consisting of two or more atoms
