Unit 1: Genetic Engineering Booklet LOs

Question 1

1: State what is meant by genetic engineering

Answer 1

Genetic engineering involves the removal of a gene from the chromosome of organism and their insertion in the chromosome of a completely different organism, sometimes a bacteria

Question 2

2: Identify the order of the stages of genetic engineering

Answer 2

1-Gene located
2-Gene removed
3-Plasmid removed
4-Gene inserted into plasmid and sealed
5- Modified plasmid inserted into bacterial cell
6-Bacterial cells divide

Question 3

3: Describe the stages of genetic engineering

Answer 3

1-Gene is located on the human source chromosome
2-Gene is removed from the chromosome using enzymes
3-Plasmid removed from bacterial cell and cut open using enzymes
4-Gene is inserted into plasmid and sealed using enzymes.
5-Modified plasmid is inserted back into bacterial cell to create a GM organism
6-Bacterial cells divide and produce product which can be extracted and purified in large.

Question 4

4: Give examples of uses of genetic engineering

Answer 4

-Production of medicines e.g. insulin and growth hormone
-GM crops resistance to disease and longer shelf lives

Question 5

5: Be able to discuss the ethical issues surrounding genetic engineering