Unit 1: Cell Structure Booklet LOs

Question 1

1: Identify a plant, fungal, animal, and bacterial cell from a diagram

Answer 1

Study the diagrams and learn this:

Organelles that are present in different types of cell:
-Plant cell: cell wall, cellulose, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, ribosomes, mitochondria (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
-Animal cell: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria (3,4,6,8,9)
-Fungal cell: Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria(1,3,4,5,6,8,9)
-Bacterial cell: Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, plasmids, strand of DNA (1,3,6,8,10, strand of DNA)

Question 2

2: Identify the different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

Answer 2

Study the diagrams and learn this:

Organelles that are present in different types of cell:
-Plant cell: cell wall, cellulose, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, ribosomes, mitochondria (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
-Animal cell: cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria (3,4,6,8,9)
-Fungal cell: Cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria(1,3,4,5,6,8,9)
-Bacterial cell: Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, plasmids, strand of DNA (1,3,6,8,10, strand of DNA)

Question 3

3: Understand the difference between the cell wall of plants compared to fungi and bacteria

Answer 3

The cell wall of plants is made up of cellulose, a structural carbohydrate whereas fungi, bacteria and animal cell’s cell walls are not.

Question 4

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 4

Cell wall (1)- Provides support to the cells

Question 5

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Animal and Plant

Answer 5

Similarities:
-have cell membrane;
-have nucleus;
-have cytoplasm;
-have ribosome;
-have mitochondria;
-do not have plasmids

Differences:
-plant cell’s have cell wall;
-plant cell’s have cellulose;
-plant cell’s have vacuole;
-plant cell’s have chloroplasts;

Question 6

6: Describe how to use a light microscope to view cell samples

Question 7

7: Explain the use of stains when viewing cells through a light microscope

Answer 7

Cells are usually invisible and the use of stains makes them visible

Question 8

9: Select a suitable stain to view different cells under a light microscope

Answer 8

Iodine solution

Question 9

10: Calculate cell length and breadth when viewed through a microscope

Answer 9

To calculate cell size:
1. Count how many cells you can see going from one side to another.
2. Divide the diameter of the field of view by the number of cells

Question 10

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of cellulose?

Answer 10

Cellulose(2)- Structural carbohydrate present in the (plant) cell wall

Question 11

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 11

Cell membrane(3)- Controls the movement of substances into and out of cells

Question 12

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 12

Nucleus(4)- Controls cell activities and contains genetic information

Question 13

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 13

Vacuole(5)- Fluid filled sac containing water sugars and salts

Question 14

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 14

Cytoplasm(6)- Site of all chemical reactions

Question 15

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 15

Chloroplasts(7)- Site of photosynthesis

Question 16

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the ribosome?

Answer 16

Ribosome(8)- Site of protein synthesis

Question 17

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 17

Mitochondria(9)- Site of aerobic respiration

Question 18

4: State the function of different parts of an animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cell

What is the function of the plasmids?

Answer 18

Plasmids(10)- Small circular DNA.

Question 19

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Animal and Fungal

Answer 19

Similarities:
-have cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria
-do not have cellulose, chloroplasts or plasmids.

Differences:
-fungal has vacuole, and cell wall

Question 20

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Animal and Bacterial

Answer 20

Similarities:
-have cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
-do not have cellulose, chloroplasts, vacuole

Differences:
-bacterial has cell wall, plasmids and a strand of DNA.
-animal has nucleus and mitochondria

Question 21

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Fungal and Plant

Answer 21

Similarities:
- have cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, ribosome, mitochondria
- does not have plasmids

Differences:
- plant has cellulose and chloroplasts

Question 22

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Bacterial and Plant

Answer 22

Similarities:
- have cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes

Differences:
-plant has cellulose, nucleus, vacuole, chloroplasts, mitochondria
-bacterial has plasmids and strand of DNA

Question 23

5: Describe similarities and differences between animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Fungal and Bacterial

Answer 23

Similarities:
-have cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes
-don’t have cellulose, chloroplasts

Differences:
-Fungal has vacuole, nucleus and mitochondria
-bacterial has plasmids