Unit 1: DNA and the Production of Proteins Booklet LOs

Question 1

1: Describe the relationship between DNA, genes and chromosomes

Answer 1

A chromosome is made of DNA.
A gene is a section of DNA.

Question 2

2: State where DNA is found within a nucleus

Answer 2

DNA is found within a nucleus

Question 3

3: State that chromosomes are made of DNA

Answer 3

Chromosomes are made of DNA

Question 4

4: State the function of DNA

Answer 4

DNA carries the genetic instructions to make proteins

Question 5

5: Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 5

DNA is known as the double stranded helix. It is made of two strands which are twisted into a helix.

Question 6

6: Name the four bases in DNA

Answer 6

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 7

7: Explain what is meant by complementary base pairing in DNA

Answer 7

Base pairing is said to be complementary since only certain bases can pair

Question 8

8: State what is meant by a gene

Answer 8

A section of DNA is known as a gene. A gene codes for protein which determines the characteristics of the organism.

Question 9

9: State that mRNA carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome where the protein is assembled from amino acids

Answer 9

mRNA carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome where the protein is assembled from amino acids.

Question 10

10: Explain how the sequence of DNA bases determine protein structure and function

Answer 10

It is the order of bases coded in the DNA sequence of the gene which determines the order of the amino acids in the protein and therefore it’s structure and function.