Unit 1: Cell Structure From Achieve

Question 1

List the key features of an animal cell

Answer 1

Cell membrane; nucleus; cytoplasm; mitochondria; ribosome.

Question 2

List the key features of a plant cell

Answer 2

Cell wall; cell membrane; nucleus; vacuole; mitochondria; cytoplasm; chloroplast; ribosome

Question 3

List the key features of a fungal cell

Answer 3

Cell wall; cell membrane; nucleus; cytoplasm; mitochondria; ribosome; vacuole.

Question 4

List the key features of a bacterial cell

Answer 4

Cell wall; cell membrane; plasmids; cytoplasm; chromosome; ribosome.

Question 5

Describe the key functions of typical animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells

Answer 5

Cell membrane - Is selectively permeable and controls the entry and exit of materials into and out of the cell.
Nucleus - Contains the hereditary genetic information (DNA) and controls some cell functions.
Cell Wall - Provides structure and support to the cell. Made of cellulose in plants but other substances in fungal and bacterial cells.
Cytoplasm - Site of chemical reactions.
Vacuole - Contains cell sap, stores water, sugars and salts.
Ribosomes - Site of protein synthesis.
Mitochondria - Site of aerobic respiration to provide energy to the cell.
Chloroplast - Contains chlorophyll and is the site of Photosynthesis.
Plasmid - Small circular ring of DNA.

Question 6

Describe how bacterial cells are different from animal, plant and fungal cells

Answer 6

Bacterial cells lack membrane bound organelles such as a nucleus and mitochondria. Bacterial cells have a very different cell wall structure from plant and fungal cells.

Question 7

Describe how cell walls of common plant cells are different from fungal and bacterial cells

Answer 7

Plant cells, fungal cells and bacterial cells all have cell walls; however, these cell walls are very different from one another.

Plant cell walls are made from CELLULOSE.

Bacterial and Fungal cells are NOT. (You do not need to know the specific material that bacterial and fungal cells are made of).