Unit 1

Question 1

Humanism

Answer 1

The philosophy that human nature and achievements are worthy of contemplation.

Question 2

Renaissance Painting

Answer 2

Classical themes with gods and more realism to how the human body is portrayed.

Question 3

Christian Humanism

Answer 3

Synthesizing classical and christian traditions, reform church and deepen spiritual lives

Question 4

Protestant Reformation

Answer 4

The reformation of Christian ideals, such as the belief that salvation comes by faith alone, and that God gives it.

Question 5

Martin Luther

Answer 5

The author of the 95 theses and leader of the Protestant Reformation

Question 6

John Calvin

Answer 6

Founder of Calvinism and a Protestant advocate. Believed in predestination.

Question 7

Scientific Revoltuion

Answer 7

When Scientific thought challenged traditional church ideas, such as heliocentrism. Separation of religion and science.

Question 8

New Monarchies

Answer 8

The New Monarchs was a concept developed by European historians during the first half of the 20th century to characterize 15th-century European rulers who unified their respective nations, creating stable and centralized governments.

Question 9

Military Revolution

Answer 9

A radical change in military strategy and tactics with resulting major changes in government

Question 10

Catholic Reformation

Answer 10

The period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation

Question 11

State Control of Religion

Answer 11

An example is Anglicism

Question 12

French Wars of Religion

Answer 12

Protestants are forced out of France by the Catholics but then returned with the Edict of Nantes.

Question 13

Habsburgs

Answer 13

The Austrian Noble family that has been in power since the 1800s

Question 14

Mercantilism

Answer 14

Benefits of profitable trading

Question 15

Navigational tech.

Answer 15

New tech helped ships reach new lands for profit as well as carry more cargo.

Question 16

Columbian Exchange

Answer 16

The widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization and trade following Christopher Columbus’s 1492 voyage.

Question 17

Commercial Revolution

Answer 17

Creation of a European economy based on trade

Question 18

Les Querelles des Femmes

Answer 18

Literary debate about women and their status.

Question 19

Price Revolution

Answer 19

Inflation across Europe mostly in Spain

Question 20

Little ice age

Answer 20

Time period where temperatures dropped, not a true ice age.

Question 21

Communal leisure activities

Answer 21

Brothels

Question 22

Rituals of public humiliation

Answer 22

Dishonoring an offender of a “social rule”

Question 23

Witchcraft Craze

Answer 23

Many accusations of witchcraft against people that resulted in many executions

Question 24

Thirty years war

Answer 24

A religious and territorial war fought by many European countries

Question 25

Mannerism

Answer 25

Late Renaissance art