Unit 1 Exam Flashcards
The field of _____ addresses concerns arising from the use of new genetic technologies, including tests, treatments, privacy, and discrimination.
Bioethics
The Y chromosome _____.
Is a sex chromosome
The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a tool to perform _____.
Genome editing
What is the exome?
Protein-encoding genes
A gene pool consists of all the alleles in a(n) _____.
Population
Shawn’s mother and Heather’s mother are sisters. Shawn and Heather have _____ of their genes in common.
1/8
Body weight must be a complex trait because _____.
It is inherited to an extent, but can be altered by diet and/or exercise
Sequencing all the DNA in the fluid that leaks from the bottom of a garbage can is an example of _____.
Metagenomics
The complete genetic material of an organism is its _____.
Genome
A human body has about _____ cells.
30 trillion
Genetics is the study of _____.
Inherited traits
Cells differentiate by _____.
Expressing different subsets of genes
What type of disease would not be identified by exome sequencing?
A disorder that is caused by a mutation in a non-coding region of DNA found far away from the gene it affects
A trait or disorder that is complex is _____.
Caused by one or more genes and environmental influences
Polydactyly is considered a Mendelian trait because _____.
It is caused by a single gene
DNA profiling has been used to _____.
Identify victims of terrorist attacks and natural disasters
The difference between phenotype and genotype is that _____.
Genotype refers to the genetic instructions and phenotype to their expression
The number of sets of our genome in most of our cells is _____.
2
Sickle-cell anemia results from a beta-globin protein containing the amino acid valine in the place of the amino acid glutamic acid. This is an example of a _____ causing a disease.
Mutation
Approximately how many genes comprise the human exome?
20,000
Cells contain twice the normal number of independent chromosomes briefly during _____.
Anaphase
The organelle that consists of a stack of flat, membrane-enclosed sacs is the _____.
Golgi apparatus
Which of the four major chemicals found in cells comprise telomeres?
Nucleic acids
Chromosomes coil tightly around chromosomal proteins and condense during _____.
Prophase