Unit 1- Disinfection Flashcards
Disinfection
Reduction or destruction of most pathogens on inanimate objects
Disinfectant
Chemicals that reduce microbial load on inanimate objects
Sterilization
Elimination of all microbes on an inanimate object
Antiseptic
Chemical agents that reduce microbial load on living animals
Sterility
Absence of all forms of microbial life on inanimate objects
Critical Level
Equipment or implants entering the body, items must be sterile
Semicritical Level
Equipment coming in contact with skin or membranes without penetrating, items must be cleaned and disinfected
Noncritical Level
Equipment not directly associated with surgery, items should be disinfected
Isopropyl Alcohol
Disinfectant and antiseptic, kills bacteria, fungi, and viruses
Povidone-iodine
Disinfectant and antiseptic, bactericidal, fungicidal, kills viruses, and sporocidal, safe around eyes
Chlorohexidine Gluconate
Antiseptic, bactericidal
Alcohol Based Solutions
Antiseptic with superior antimicrobial activity
Steam Sterilization
Saturated steam destroys microorganisms by coagulation and protein denaturation
Cylindrical Machine
Autoclave
Gravity Displacement Sterilizer
Pressurized steam goes from outer to inner chamber
Prevaccum sterilizer
Allows sterilization in hard to reach places
Flash Sterilizer
Used in emergency when no other alternatives
Chemical Sterilization
Ethylene oxide
Plasma Sterilization
Hydrogen peroxide used to kill microorganisms by oxidation
Gamma Radiation
Ionizing radiation used in commercial
Peracetic Acid Sterilization
Used for immediate use of heat sensitive items
Cold Sterilization
Liquid chemicals used to sterilize instruments
Surgical Pack Prep
Place and organize instruments, add drape and gauze, add sterile indicator, wrap twice, secure with autoclave tape, sign and initial
Chemical Sterilization Indicators
Change color in response to heat, pressure, or humidity but do not confirm sterilization
