Unit 1: Chapter 4

Question 1

Vascular system

Answer 1

Uses leaves, roots and stems to obtain water, sunlight and nutrients to produce glucose for the plants energy needs

Question 2

Stem

Answer 2

Responsible for transporting water, minerals and food to other parts of the plant
Stores food and water in the stem for later use
Strong to provide mechanical support for growing plant
Contains phloem and xylem tissue

Question 3

Xylem tissue

Answer 3

Moves water and dissolved nutrients from the roots to the rest of the plant
Provides physical support due to dead tissue
Has guard cells and vessel members

Question 4

Guard cells

Answer 4

Surround each stoma
The guard cell opens and closes to allow water or prevent it from entering the cell
When exposed to sunlight the guard cell opens and when a high amount of water is lost the guard cell closes

Question 5

Order of systems

Answer 5

System>Organ>tissue>specialised cell

Question 6

Circulatory system

Answer 6

Responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones and cellular waste products through the body
Essential to protect the body as it fights off pathogens and cleans cellular debris using white blood cells
Responsible for regulation of the internal conditions of the body and achieve homeostasis

Question 7

Blood vessels

Answer 7

Transport vital substances to keep cells alive
Carries blood to the body
Has arteries, veins and capillaries
Arteries are for high-pressure blood flow to carry oxygen-rich blood to the body
Veins bring blood back to the heart to be re-oxygenated
Capillaries connect arteries and veins
Contains nervous tissue, connective tissue, epithelial and muscle tissue

Question 8

Nervous tissue

Answer 8

Made of nerve fibres and are long extensions of neurons
Carry electrical signals for coordinating body function
Enable the body to complete tasks
All nerves in the circulatory system are automatic ie; pumping blood

Question 9

Red blood cell

Answer 9

Are responsible for carrying oxygen to all cells in the body to allow energy to be produced
Remove carbon dioxide and waste from the body
Small, dimpled and disk-shaped with no nucleus to allow maximum room for the oxygen and contains haemoglobin for the oxygen bond
Lasts for 120 days
Works in harmony with white blood cells, liver cells and platelets

Question 10

What other systems does the circulatory system work with?

Answer 10

Works with the respiratory system as oxygen is required to reoxygenate the blood and the nervous system as the involuntary actions require nervous impulses

Question 11

Malfunction of the circulatory system

Answer 11

Atherosclerosis is from a build-up of plaque in the arteries and it prevents blood from travelling to the body and causes a heart attack or stroke
From a high intake of fat, smoking and inactivity

Question 12

Transpiration

Answer 12

The loss of water from leaves through evaporation