Unit 1 Biology Flashcards
What are the 7 characteristics?
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition
What does Movement mean?
An action of an organism or part of an organism causing it to change the position or place
What does Respiration mean?
Chemical Reaction in the cells by breaking down food and releasing it as energy for metabolism.
What does Sensitivity mean?
The ability to detect or sense stimuli in the internal and external environment and can respond accordingly.
What does Growth mean?
A permanent increase of size or dry mass by the increase of the number of cells or cell size or both.
What does Reproduction mean?
To produce more of the same kind of organism.
What does Excretion mean?
To get rid of waste substances of metabolism, toxic substances and materials of excess requirements of the organism.
What does Nutrition mean?
The intake of nutrients for growth, energy and movement
What is the production of energy carried out in cells?
Respiration
What is the definition of species?
A group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring.
What is DNA?
DNA is the genetic material that is passed on from one generation to the next.
What happens when two different animals mate?
They produce infertile offspring and cannot reproduce.
Name the 7 categories that we use to classify animals.
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Name three characteristics of the animal kingdom
Multi cellular
Nucleus
Heterotrophs
Name five characteristics of the Plant kingdom
Photosynthesis Multi cellular Have nuclei and chloroplasts have cellulose cell wall have stems roots and leaves
Give 4 Characteristics of the Fungi Kingdom
Multi cellular
cell wall containing chitin
nucleus
Feed off dead matter
Give 4 Characteristics of the Protists Kingdom
Unicellular
Cell wall
Nucleus
Feed off of others or make their own food
Give 3 Characteristics of Prokaryotes
Unicellular
Flexible cell wall
No nucleus
Give 7 characteristics of fish
lateral line mucus covering gills 2 chamber hearts fins gills operculum cold blooded
Give 7 characteristics of amphibians
cold blooded slimy- wet adult have lungs and young have gills webbed feet large mouths nostrils 2 chamber hearts
Give 7 characteristics of Reptiles
Dry scaly skin tail cold blooded limbs lay eggs mouths 4 chamber hearts
Give 9 characteristics of Birds
bipedal scales covering feet beaks wings feathers claws warm blooded 2 chamber hearts nostrils
Give 10 characteristics of mammals
Pinna ears penis warm blooded hair/fur feed young milk mouths w teeth 4 chamber hearts sweat glands
What does endothermic mean?
Can regulate body temperature
What does ectothermic mean?
Cannot control body temperature
What is the binomial system?
The binomial system is a system that is used to be able to classify organisms using genus and species
Give 4 characteristics of myriapods
10 or more pairs of legs
no obvious divisions
1 pair of antennae
simple eyes
Give 5 characteristics of Insects
3 pairs of legs 3 body parts 1 pair of antennae compound eyes 2 pairs of wings
Give 4 characteristics of Crustaceans
5 or more pairs of legs
2 body parts
2 pairs of antennae
compound eyes
Give 3 characteristics of Arachnids
4 pairs of legs
2 body parts
simple eyes
What is the cotyledon?
The cotyledon stores food for the seed and are the first leaves of the baby plants.
What are members of the Plant Kingdom described as?
Autotrophs
What are protoctists?
They are microscopic single- celled organisms.
What do Euglena possess?
They possess chloroplasts and make their food through photosynthesis
What are Amoeba?
Amoeba digest solid food and are described as animals.
How are fungi produced?
They are produced by spores.
What are Fungi made up?
Fungi are made up of thread like hyphae.
What are dichotomous keys used for?
They are used to divide the organisms in the key into smaller and smaller groups.
What are ribosomes and what do they do?
They make protein
What Is the Mitochondria?1
It is the powerhouse of the cell- respiration occurs here to release energy
What is the cytoplasm?
It is a jelly like substance that fills the cell and where most chemical reactions happen
What is the nucleus?
Controls the chemical reactions in the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
What is the cell wall?
Helps keep the cell rigid
What is the vacuole?
Supports the cell and contains cell sap
What are the chloroplasts?
Contains the pigment chlorophyll.
what do red blood cells do?
Transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Has hemoglobin to bind with oxygen
What do muscle cell do?
Contracts so that the structures can be brought closer together
What do ciliated cell do?
Has a layer of tiny hairs which can move and push mucus. The mucus transported trapped dust and microbes.
What do motor nerve cells do?
They conduct nerve impulses. They have a long fiber called axon which impulses a fatty sheath which gives electrical insulation.
what do Root hair cells do?
They absorb water and minerals from the soil.Has long extension which increases the surface area for absorption.
What does the xylem cell do?
It transports water and supports the plant.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
Studded with ribosomes and is involved in producing and transporting proteins.
What is the mitochondria?
Powerhouse of the cell. Provides energy in the form of ATP by carrying out aerobic respiration.
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose+ oxygen= carbon dioxide+water+ energy
Which cells do not have mitochondria?
prokaryotes
What is the binomial name for a modern day human?
Homo Sapiens
How do we classify organisms?
Using morphology, anatomy and DNA
What do ferns have?
They have stems leaves and roots ad they reproduce by spores.
Where do flowering grow their seeds
In the ovary which forms a fruit
What are mono cots?
Have 1 cotyledon
in the number of 3
parallel veins
What are dicots?
Have two cotyledon
in the number of 5
branching veins
deep roots
What do many cells form?
tissue
What do many tissues form?
an organ
What do different organs form together?
system
What do different systems form together?
An organism
1m is how many mm?
1000mm
How many μm in one mm?
1000μm
What is the equation for magnification?
magnification= measured length/ actual length
How many nm in 1 μm?
1000nm
What are the secretory vesicles?
They contain cell products such as hormones or enzymes.
