Reproduction Flashcards
<p>Define Asexual reproduction</p>
<p>A process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent</p>
<p>Advantages of asexuall reproduction</p>
<p>Population can be increased rapidly
Can exploit suitable environments quickly
Time and energy efficient
Reproduction is completed much faster than sexual reproduction</p>
<p>Disadvantages of asexual reproduction</p>
<p>limited genetic variation in population
population is vulnerable to changes in conditions and may only be suited for one habitat
Disease is likely to affect the whole population as there is no genetic variation</p>
<p>Why is axexual reproduction is crop plants prefered</p>
<p>As it means that a plant that has good characteristics can be made to reproduce asexually and the entire crop will show the same characteristics</p>
<p>Define Sexual reproduction</p>
<p>A process involving the fusion of the nuclei of two gametes to form a zygote and the production of offspring that are genetically different from each other</p>
<p>What are the nuclei of the gametes?</p>
<p>Haploid</p>
<p>What is the nucleus of a zygote?</p>
<p>Diploid</p>
<p>What are advantages of sexual reproduction</p>
<p>Increases genetic variation
Species can adapt to new environment due to
variation
Disease is less likely to affect population due to variation</p>
<p>What are the disadvantages of sexual reproduction?</p>
<p>Takes time and energy to find males
| Difficult for isolated members of the species to reproduce</p>
Define Fertilisation
<p>The fusion of gamete nuclei</p>
sepals?
Protects unopened flower
petals?
Brightly coloured to attract insects
anther
produces and releases the male sex cell
stigma
top of the female part that collects pollen grains
ovaries
produces the female sex cell
ovule
contains the female sex cell
insect pollinated petals
large and brightly coloured to attract insects
insect pollinated scent and nectar
entices insects to visit the flower and push past stamen to get to nectar
insect pollinated pollen grains
large sticky spiky to attach to insects
insect pollinated anthers
inside flower stiff to brush against insects
insect pollinated stigma
inside flower sticky so pollen grains stick to it when an insect brushes past
wind pollinated petals
small, dull
wind pollinated scent and nectar
no need to waste energy producing those
wind pollinated pollen grains
Large amounts most pollen are not transferred to another flower.
wind pollinated anthers
outside flower swinging loose on long filaments to release pollen grains easily
wind pollinated stigmas
Outside to catch drifting pollen grains
