Unit 1: AOS2 - Biomechanics Flashcards
What is linear motion?
Movement of the body where all parts move in the same direction at the same time along a line. Eg. Speed skiing
What is angular motion?
Movement of a body part around an axis of rotation.
Many linear movements such as running result from the angular motion of the body parts…
What is general motion?
Motion involving translation and rotation at the same time. Eg. Running
Define displacement
Change of position of a body
Or
Distance covered from the starting position
Define distance
The path travelled by a body from point A to point B
Define torque
The turning affect of a force
Define angular velocity
The rate of change of angular displacement over time…
Eg. Speed of a figure skater spinning on the spot
Define projectile motion
An airborne body that is only affected by the forces of gravity and air resistance.
Eg. Pole vaulters become projectiles when they are in the air. The only forces acting on them are gravity and air resistance.
What factors affect projectile motion
HAS
Height of projection
Angle of release
Speed of release
Define inertia
The tendency of an object to resist change in its state of motion
Define force
A push or a pull acting on an object
What is Newton’s first law?
‘A body will remain at rest or continue in a state of constant motion unless acted upon by and external force’
Eg, a ball projected into the air will continue in a straight line of motion until gravity acts upon it.
What is Newton’s second law?
‘A force applied to an object will produce a change in motion (acceleration) in the direction of the applied force that is directly proportional to the size of the force.’
F=MA
Where, F= force(n), M= mass(kg), A=acceleration(m/s2)
What is Newton’s third law?
‘For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction’
Eg, when a tennis ball is hit, the force applied by the request to the ball is obvious to see because the ball changes direction and accelerates
Define friction
A force that acts in the opposite direction of motion when two surfaces are in contact with one another.
An example on sport where decreasing friction is needed is downhill skiing, an example where increasing friction is needed is in weightlifting (chalk)
